{ "dataset": "NNN Nuclear Decommissioning Tracker", "version": "1", "generated_at": "2026-10-11T19:18:45.575Z", "license": { "current_state": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "name": "CC BY 4.0", "scope": "The grant covers the NNN dataset as a compilation: selection, arrangement, schema, annotations, event and milestone curation, and verification metadata, including EU sui generis database rights. Underlying facts are facts and are not owned or restricted by NNN. Third-party licensed data shown on NNN pages is excluded from the dataset and from this grant.", "history": "History surfaces — append-only milestone logs, event/change feeds, and full JSON snapshots — are provided under the NNN Data License Terms (https://www.nuclearnewsnetwork.com/data-license): journalism, research, citation and AI answering are expressly permitted royalty-free with attribution; systematic bulk extraction, dataset redistribution, and embedding in commercial products or training corpora require a commercial license.", "terms_url": "https://www.nuclearnewsnetwork.com/data-license", "terms_version": "1.1 (2026-08-13)", "attribution": { "text": "Nuclear News Network, \"Nuclear Decommissioning Tracker\", https://www.nuclearnewsnetwork.com/industry-trackers/nuclear-decommissioning", "url": "https://www.nuclearnewsnetwork.com/industry-trackers/nuclear-decommissioning" } }, "last_reviewed": "2026-10-11", "scope": "Commercial power-reactor decommissioning projects, one record per site with its units listed, plus a few early or prototype power reactors with high public interest such as Dounreay, Fermi 1, Peach Bottom 1 and GE Vallecitos. Included are sites in active dismantling, SAFSTOR or care and maintenance, planning, recently license-terminated US sites and shut plants now slated for restart. Research reactors, fuel-cycle and military facilities, and plants operating under life extensions such as Diablo Canyon are excluded.", "key_facts": [ { "label": "Permanently shut down power reactors worldwide", "value": "217 (110.8 GW)", "detail": "IAEA PRIS count; only a small minority have been fully dismantled.", "source": "https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/WorldStatistics/ShutdownReactorsByCountry.aspx", "publisher": "IAEA PRIS", "as_of": "2026-01" }, { "label": "US reactor units on the NRC decommissioning list", "value": "21", "detail": "Includes the NS Savannah and two units being prepared for restart, Crane (TMI-1) and Duane Arnold.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "publisher": "US Nuclear Regulatory Commission", "as_of": "2026-09-14" }, { "label": "US decommissioning trust funds", "value": "~$100bn", "detail": "Held at end-2024, up from $64.7 billion at end-2018, according to NRC data compiled by the World Nuclear Association.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "as_of": "2024" }, { "label": "Sellafield clean-up cost", "value": "£136bn to 2125", "detail": "Undiscounted cost of decommissioning and cleaning up Sellafield, including Calder Hall, up 18.8% on the 2019 estimate.", "source": "https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5901/cmselect/cmpubacc/363/report.html", "publisher": "UK House of Commons Public Accounts Committee", "as_of": "2025-06-04" }, { "label": "EnBW dismantling bill, five German units", "value": "~€10bn", "detail": "Expected total to dismantle EnBW's reactors at Obrigheim, Neckarwestheim and Philippsburg, paid from operator provisions.", "source": "https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/kernkraftwerk-obrigheim-20-jahre-rueckbau-was-nun-100.html", "publisher": "SWR", "as_of": "2025-04" } ], "record_count": 72, "records": [ { "slug": "barseback", "name": "Barsebäck Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "SE", "region": "europe", "location": "Kävlinge, Skåne", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Barsebäck's two 600 MWe BWRs on the Öresund were closed by government decision in 1999 and 2005. After internals segmentation in 2016-2019, large-scale dismantling began in 2020 and is expected to take about eight years; owner Uniper and the local council are studying new nuclear at the site.", "site": "Barsebäck", "units": [ "Barsebäck 1", "Barsebäck 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1200, "owner": "Barsebäck Kraft AB (Uniper)", "decommissioning_contractor": "UNNU consortium (NUKEM/Uniper Nuclear Services) for RPVs", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "2005", "decommissioning_start": "2020", "target_completion": "2028", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel removed to the central interim store Clab.", "notable_issue": "Owner and municipality exploring new full-scale reactors at the site.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1999", "event": "The government ordered Barsebäck 1 closed under the nuclear phase-out act.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2005", "event": "Barsebäck 2 was closed.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2016", "event": "Segmentation of reactor internals began (2016-2019).", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "Large-scale dismantling and demolition began.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2025-02", "event": "The UNNU consortium completed dismantling of the last of four Swedish RPVs including Barsebäck's.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2025-02-07/article-6748/nukem-and-uns-dismantle-final-rpv-at-swedens-oskarshamn/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/", "title": "Anläggningar under avveckling", "publisher": "Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/barsebacks-agare-vill-bygga-ny-karnkraft-kommer-positiva-signaler", "title": "Barsebäcks ägare vill bygga nytt kärnkraftverk", "publisher": "SVT Nyheter", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/skane/kavlinge-vill-aterstarta-barseback-vi-pratar-om-fullskalig-karnkraft", "title": "Kävlinge vill återstarta Barsebäck", "publisher": "SVT Nyheter", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2025-02-07/article-6748/nukem-and-uns-dismantle-final-rpv-at-swedens-oskarshamn/", "title": "NUKEM and UNS dismantle final RPV at Sweden's Oskarshamn", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.uniper.energy/sv/sverige/kraftverk-i-sverige/barseback", "title": "Barsebäck Kraft - industrihistoria i nutid", "publisher": "Uniper", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy: service operation (safe storage) 2006-2019 before dismantling. target 2028 = end of radiological dismantling per SVT; building demolition follows.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "berkeley", "name": "Berkeley (Magnox)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Berkeley's two Magnox reactors closed in 1989 after 27 years and were fuel-free by 1992, the first Magnox station to defuel. The reactors were put into safestore in 2010 and the site is moving towards care and maintenance until radioactive decay allows demolition.", "site": "Berkeley", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 276, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "1989", "decommissioning_start": "1989", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel-free since 1992.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1962", "event": "Berkeley came into service.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/berkeley" }, { "date": "1989", "event": "The twin reactor station closed after 27 years.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/berkeley" }, { "date": "1992", "event": "Berkeley became fuel-free.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/berkeley" }, { "date": "2010", "event": "The two reactors were put into safestore.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/berkeley" }, { "date": "2026-02-26", "event": "ONR introduced a new regulatory approach for the former Magnox sites.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/berkeley", "title": "Berkeley", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites", "title": "ONR introduces new regulatory approach for former Magnox nuclear sites", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Capacity 2 x 138 MWe per WNA.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "biblis", "name": "Biblis Nuclear Power Plant (Units A and B)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Biblis, Hesse", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "RWE has been dismantling the two Biblis PWRs on the Rhine since 2017, after both were shut down in 2011. The last of the site's four cooling towers fell on 16 January 2026, and RWE has floated the site as a future laser-fusion campus with Focused Energy.", "site": "Biblis", "units": [ "Biblis A", "Biblis B" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2407, "owner": "RWE Nuclear GmbH", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2011-08-06", "decommissioning_start": "2017", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in CASTOR casks at the on-site interim store.", "notable_issue": "Proposed reuse as a laser-fusion campus (RWE/Focused Energy).", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011-08-06", "event": "Biblis A and B lost their operating licences under the post-Fukushima phase-out law.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2017", "event": "Dismantling of the Biblis plant began.", "source": "https://www.1730live.de/2026/01/16/letzter-kuehlturm-in-biblis-wird-abgerissen/" }, { "date": "2023", "event": "The first of the four cooling towers was demolished.", "source": "https://www.1730live.de/2026/01/16/letzter-kuehlturm-in-biblis-wird-abgerissen/" }, { "date": "2026-01-16", "event": "The last of Biblis' four cooling towers was demolished.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/presse/rwe-nuclear/2026-01-16-rueckbauanlage-biblis-verbliebener-kuehlturm-erfolgreich-zu-boden-gebracht/" }, { "date": "2026-05-27", "event": "RWE increased its investment in Focused Energy and pitched Biblis as a laser fusion campus.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/press/rwe-ag/2026-05-27-rwe-increases-investment-in-focused-energy/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/der-konzern/laender-und-standorte/rueckbauanlage-biblis/", "title": "Rückbauanlage Biblis", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/presse/rwe-nuclear/2026-01-16-rueckbauanlage-biblis-verbliebener-kuehlturm-erfolgreich-zu-boden-gebracht/", "title": "Rückbauanlage Biblis: Verbliebener Kühlturm erfolgreich zu Boden gebracht", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.1730live.de/2026/01/16/letzter-kuehlturm-in-biblis-wird-abgerissen/", "title": "Letzter Kühlturm in Biblis wird abgerissen", "publisher": "17:30 live", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/en/press/rwe-ag/2026-05-27-rwe-increases-investment-in-focused-energy/", "title": "RWE increases investment in Focused Energy", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Net capacities 1167 + 1240 MWe per WNA. Units actually stopped in March 2011; 2011-08-06 is the legal shutdown date.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "bradwell", "name": "Bradwell (Magnox)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Bradwell-on-Sea, Essex, England", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Bradwell's twin Magnox reactors, in service from 1962, became in November 2018 the first UK Magnox site to enter 'care and maintenance', a quiescent state in which the reactors are left to decay before final demolition. The site is managed by Nuclear Restoration Services.", "site": "Bradwell", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": null, "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Defueled; no spent fuel on site.", "notable_issue": "First UK nuclear power station to enter long-term care and maintenance.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1962", "event": "Bradwell's Magnox reactors entered service.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UK-s-Bradwell-site-enters-care-and-maintenance" }, { "date": "2018-11-30", "event": "Bradwell became the first Magnox site to enter care and maintenance.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UK-s-Bradwell-site-enters-care-and-maintenance" }, { "date": "2026-02-26", "event": "ONR introduced a new regulatory approach for the former Magnox sites.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UK-s-Bradwell-site-enters-care-and-maintenance", "title": "UK's Bradwell site enters care and maintenance", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/bradwell", "title": "Bradwell", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites", "title": "ONR introduces new regulatory approach for former Magnox nuclear sites", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Shutdown year (2002) not in the sources reviewed, so not recorded.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "brennilis", "name": "Brennilis (Monts d'Arrée EL-4)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "FR", "region": "europe", "location": "Brennilis, Finistère", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Brennilis was a 70 MWe heavy-water, gas-cooled prototype that ran from 1967 to 1985 and has become a byword for slow French decommissioning. After a 2007 court annulment and partial work, a full dismantling decree was issued in September 2023; EDF began the final phase in December 2024 and targets a bare site by 2041.", "site": "Brennilis", "units": [ "EL-4" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "HWGCR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "EDF", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1985-07-31", "decommissioning_start": "1985", "target_completion": "2041", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All irradiated fuel removed by 1992.", "notable_issue": "Asbestos and mercury discoveries delayed handling-crane upgrades, but reactor fuel-channel removal is still planned to start in 2027.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1966-12-23", "event": "The reactor first went critical.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis" }, { "date": "1985-07-31", "event": "Power production permanently ended.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis" }, { "date": "2007-06-06", "event": "France's Conseil d'État annulled the 2006 decree authorising full dismantling.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis" }, { "date": "2011-07-27", "event": "A decree authorised partial dismantling excluding the reactor block.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis" }, { "date": "2023-09-26", "event": "Decree 2023-898 prescribed complete dismantling of the installation.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis" }, { "date": "2024-12", "event": "The plant entered its final dismantling phase.", "source": "https://www.edf.fr/centrale-nucleaire-brennilis" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/bretagne/monts-d-arree-el4-d-centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis", "title": "Monts d'Arrée EL4-D (Centrale nucléaire de Brennilis)", "publisher": "ASNR", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.edf.fr/centrale-nucleaire-brennilis", "title": "La centrale nucléaire de Brennilis", "publisher": "EDF", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.andra.fr/centrale-nucleaire-de-brennilis-derniere-etape-de-la-deconstruction", "title": "Centrale nucléaire de Brennilis : dernière étape de la déconstruction", "publisher": "Andra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "70 MWe capacity is commonly cited but not in the sources reviewed (capacity left not recorded). A press report puts full dismantling cost at about €850m (not recorded: date unclear).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:edf" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "brokdorf", "name": "Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant (KBR)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Brokdorf, Schleswig-Holstein", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Brokdorf, a 1,410 MWe PWR on the Elbe, shut on 31 December 2021 and was the last German plant to receive a dismantling permit, in October 2024. PreussenElektra plans about 15 years of work, aiming to finish by the mid-2030s and build a large battery storage plant on the site.", "site": "Brokdorf", "units": [ "KBR" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1410, "owner": "PreussenElektra (80%) / Vattenfall (20%)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2021-12-31", "decommissioning_start": "2024-12", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Site earmarked for one of the EU's largest battery storage plants.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2017-12", "event": "PreussenElektra applied for decommissioning and dismantling.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2024/pel-erhaelt-erste-sag-kbr.html" }, { "date": "2021-12-31", "event": "Brokdorf permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2024/pel-erhaelt-erste-sag-kbr.html" }, { "date": "2024-10-23", "event": "Schleswig-Holstein granted the decommissioning and dismantling permit.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2024/pel-erhaelt-erste-sag-kbr.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2024/pel-erhaelt-erste-sag-kbr.html", "title": "PreussenElektra erhält Genehmigung zur Stilllegung und zum Abbau des Kernkraftwerks Brokdorf", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/landesregierung/ministerien-behoerden/V/Presse/PI/2024/10/241023_SAG_Brokdorf", "title": "Erste Genehmigung für Stilllegung und Abbau des Kernkraftwerks Brokdorf", "publisher": "Land Schleswig-Holstein", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://powerplants.vattenfall.com/de/brunsbuttel/", "title": "Brunsbüttel - Vattenfall's power plants", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Vattenfall holds a 20% minority stake per Vattenfall. Operator target 'mid-2030s' (no exact year).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "brunsbuettel", "name": "Brunsbüttel Nuclear Power Plant (KKB)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Brunsbüttel, Schleswig-Holstein", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Vattenfall's 771 MWe Brunsbüttel BWR, off the grid since 2007, has been in dismantling since its first permit in December 2018. It has been fuel-free since February 2018, and the second dismantling phase was approved on 15 December 2025.", "site": "Brunsbüttel", "units": [ "KKB" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 771, "owner": "Kernkraftwerk Brunsbüttel GmbH & Co. oHG (operated by Vattenfall)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2011-08-06", "decommissioning_start": "2018-12-21", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel-free since February 2018.", "notable_issue": "About 300,000 t total mass, of which 1-3% will be radioactive waste awaiting the Konrad repository.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2007", "event": "Brunsbüttel shut down permanently in practice.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/2025/kernkraftwerks-brunsbuttel--vattenfall-erhalt-genehmigung-fur-zweite-abbauphase" }, { "date": "2012-11-01", "event": "Vattenfall applied for decommissioning and dismantling.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2018-02", "event": "The plant became fuel-free.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2018-12-21", "event": "The first decommissioning and dismantling permit was granted.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2025-12-15", "event": "Schleswig-Holstein granted the permit for the second dismantling phase.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/2025/kernkraftwerks-brunsbuttel--vattenfall-erhalt-genehmigung-fur-zweite-abbauphase" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk", "title": "Informationen zum Rückbau eines Kernkraftwerks", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/2025/kernkraftwerks-brunsbuttel--vattenfall-erhalt-genehmigung-fur-zweite-abbauphase", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Brunsbüttel – Vattenfall erhält Genehmigung für zweite Abbauphase", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Ownership split not confirmed in the sources reviewed (Vattenfall majority). Legal shutdown date 2011-08-06 per WNA; last operation 2007.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "site:brunsbuettel" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "chinshan", "name": "Chinshan Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "TW", "region": "asia", "location": "Shimen, New Taipei", "status": "fuel_removal", "summary": "Chinshan, Taiwan's first nuclear plant with two 604 MWe Mark-1 BWRs, closed in 2018-2019 and is in a 25-year decommissioning programme. Both reactor cores were fully defuelled by July 2026, and the government deemed a restart unfeasible because key equipment has already been dismantled.", "site": "Chinshan (First NPP)", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Taiwan Power Company (Taipower)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019-07", "decommissioning_start": "2019-07", "target_completion": "2044", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Cores fully defuelled by July 2026; pool to be emptied 2027-31 into dry storage (NAC MPC outdoor store; Holtec indoor store contracted).", "notable_issue": "Years of local opposition delayed the dry-storage facility needed to empty the pools.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2016-01", "event": "Taipower published a four-stage, 25-year decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2018-12", "event": "Chinshan 1's operating licence expired and decommissioning was confirmed.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2019-07", "event": "Chinshan 2 entered the decommissioning stage.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "The economy ministry deemed a Chinshan restart unfeasible due to extensive dismantlement.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2026-07", "event": "Both Chinshan reactor cores were fully defuelled.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan", "title": "Nuclear Power in Taiwan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.neimagazine.com/news/taiwan-clears-path-to-restart-reactors/", "title": "Taiwan clears path to restart reactors", "publisher": "Nuclear Engineering International", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/hh-40-25/", "title": "Holtec Awarded Contract to Build Sheltered Used Fuel Storage", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/work-starts-on-taiwanese-fuel-storage-facility", "title": "Work starts on Taiwanese fuel storage facility", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Unit capacity 604 MWe per NEI (likely gross). Plan stages: defuelling to end-2026, dismantling to 2038, testing to 2041, restoration to 2044.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "chooz-a", "name": "Chooz A", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "FR", "region": "europe", "location": "Chooz, Ardennes", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Chooz A, a Franco-Belgian PWR built into a cavern and operated from 1967 to 1991, is EDF's lead PWR dismantling project. EDF lifted the 190-tonne reactor vessel out of its pit in March 2025, a first in France, but vessel cutting was paused in late 2025 after worker contamination events prompted an ASNR-requested action plan.", "site": "Chooz", "units": [ "Chooz A" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "EDF", "decommissioning_contractor": "Westinghouse Electric France / Nuvia (vessel)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "1991", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Vessel segmentation suspended in late 2025 after three declared contamination events in 2025.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1967", "event": "Chooz A entered service.", "source": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html" }, { "date": "1991", "event": "Chooz A was shut down.", "source": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html" }, { "date": "2025-03", "event": "EDF extracted the 190-tonne reactor vessel from its concrete pit, a first in France.", "source": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "Vessel cutting was halted pending an action plan after contamination events.", "source": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html" }, { "date": "2025-12-08", "event": "All Chooz A work sites were stopped for two weeks of radiation-protection awareness.", "source": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/grand-est/ardennes/demantelement-nucleaire-a-chooz-un-plan-d-actions-demande-a-edf-apres-une-augmentation-des-cas-de-contamination-3261410.html", "title": "Démantèlement nucléaire à Chooz : un plan d'action demandé à EDF après une augmentation des cas de contamination", "publisher": "France 3 Grand Est", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://recherche-expertise.asnr.fr/savoir-comprendre/surete/demantelement-reacteur-chooz-trois-etapes-quatre-points-darret", "title": "Démantèlement du réacteur Chooz A : trois étapes et quatre points d'arrêt", "publisher": "ASNR", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nuvia.com/fr/nuvia-offers/demantelement-de-la-cuve-du-reacteur-de-chooz-a/", "title": "Démantèlement de la cuve du réacteur de Chooz A", "publisher": "Nuvia", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/belgium", "title": "Nuclear Power in Belgium", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "EDF had planned vessel cutting for Q1 2026; resumption not confirmed in the sources reviewed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:edf" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "crystal-river-3", "name": "Crystal River Unit 3", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Crystal River, Florida", "status": "site_restoration", "summary": "Crystal River 3, retired after its containment cracked during a 2009 steam generator replacement, is being decommissioned by ADP (NorthStar/Orano JV) under a fixed-price deal while Duke Energy keeps ownership and the trust fund. Reactor building demolition was due by end-August 2026, with site restoration in Q2 2027 and an NRC license termination plan under review.", "site": "Crystal River Energy Complex", "units": [ "Unit 3" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 860, "owner": "Duke Energy Florida (licensed operator: ADP CR3 LLC)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Accelerated Decommissioning Partners (NorthStar/Orano)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2013-02-20", "decommissioning_start": "2020-10-01", "target_completion": "2027", "cost_estimate": 540000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel in the on-site ISFSI since January 2018.", "notable_issue": "Containment delamination during the 2009 steam generator replacement led to early retirement.", "cost_as_of": "2019", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2009-09-26", "event": "A refueling outage began during which containment damage was found after the steam generator replacement.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3" }, { "date": "2013-02-20", "event": "The operating license period ended as Duke retired the unit.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3" }, { "date": "2018-01", "event": "Fuel transfer to the ISFSI was completed.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3" }, { "date": "2020-10-01", "event": "Duke transferred the license to Accelerated Decommissioning Partners.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3" }, { "date": "2025-10-15", "event": "ADP submitted the license termination plan amendment request to the NRC.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3" }, { "date": "2026-05-12", "event": "NRC held a public meeting on the LTP; ADP said reactor building demolition would finish by end-August 2026.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-05-12/article-8025/adp-on-track-to-complete-major-dd-work-at-crystal-river3-this-summer/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/cr3", "title": "Crystal River Unit 3 Nuclear Generating Plant", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-05-12/article-8025/adp-on-track-to-complete-major-dd-work-at-crystal-river3-this-summer/", "title": "ADP on track to complete major D&D work at Crystal River-3 this summer", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Cost = fixed-price ADP contract ($540m) per WNA (page updated 2026-03); WNA also cites trust funds >$700m without date. NRC lists estimated closure 2037 (likely includes ISFSI); ADP targets site restoration Q2 2027 and final surveys Q3 2027.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "doel", "name": "Doel Nuclear Power Plant (Units 1-3)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "BE", "region": "europe", "location": "Doel, Antwerp", "status": "shut_down", "summary": "Three of the four Doel PWRs near Antwerp are permanently shut: Doel 3 in September 2022, Doel 1 in February 2025 and Doel 2 in November 2025, while Doel 4 runs on to 2035. All dismantling work is suspended while the Belgian state negotiates to buy ENGIE's nuclear fleet, with heads of terms targeted for 1 October 2026.", "site": "Doel", "units": [ "Doel 1", "Doel 2", "Doel 3" ], "unit_count": 3, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "ENGIE Electrabel", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2025-11", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Belgium repealed its nuclear phase-out law in May 2025; state takeover talks have frozen decommissioning and revived restart questions.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1975", "event": "Doel 1 and 2 were commissioned.", "source": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy" }, { "date": "2022-09-23", "event": "Doel 3 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy" }, { "date": "2025-02", "event": "Doel 1 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/" }, { "date": "2025-05", "event": "Belgium's parliament repealed the 2003 nuclear phase-out law.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/belgian-government-in-talks-to-take-over-nuclear-power-plants" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "Doel 2 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/" }, { "date": "2026-05", "event": "The Belgian state and ENGIE entered talks on a state takeover of the nuclear fleet, suspending all dismantling.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/", "title": "Belgium in talks to acquire country's nuclear power facilities", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/belgian-government-in-talks-to-take-over-nuclear-power-plants", "title": "Belgian government in talks to take over nuclear power plants", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy", "title": "Nuclear energy | ENGIE Belgium", "publisher": "ENGIE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://en.newsroom.engie.com/news/the-belgian-state-and-engie-group-enter-into-exclusive-negotiations-for-the-acquisition-by-belgium-of-engie-s-nuclear-activities-36db2-314df.html", "title": "The Belgian State and ENGIE Group enter into exclusive negotiations for the acquisition by Belgium of ENGIE's nuclear activities", "publisher": "ENGIE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Outcome of the 1 October 2026 heads-of-terms deadline not confirmed in the sources reviewed. Strategy is ENGIE's planned immediate dismantling (now paused).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:engie-electrabel", "site:doel" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "dounreay", "name": "Dounreay (DFR and PFR fast reactors)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Thurso, Caithness, Scotland", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Dounreay was the UK's fast-reactor research centre from 1955 to 1994, including the Dounreay Fast Reactor and the 250 MWe Prototype Fast Reactor, and is now Scotland's largest nuclear clean-up. All reactor fuel has been removed, but residual sodium coolant and a large fuel cycle area remain; the interim end-state date has slipped into the 2070s.", "site": "Dounreay", "units": [ "Dounreay Fast Reactor (DFR)", "Prototype Fast Reactor (PFR)" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "FBR (sodium/NaK-cooled)" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services – Dounreay)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "1994", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": 7900000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel and breeder material removed from PFR; last DFR breeder material being moved to Sellafield.", "notable_issue": "Interim end state slipped from a 2023 target to around 2078, with total spend rising to almost £8bn.", "cost_as_of": "2024-04", "currency": "GBP", "milestones": [ { "date": "1955", "event": "Dounreay became the UK's centre of fast reactor research and development.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/dounreay" }, { "date": "1994", "event": "Fast reactor research ended at Dounreay with PFR's shutdown.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/dounreay" }, { "date": "2012-05", "event": "A specific interim end-state date of 14 September 2023 was proposed.", "source": "https://northern-times.co.uk/news/dounreay-at-forefront-of-nuclear-decommissioning-70-years-378283" }, { "date": "2024-04", "event": "Reports said spending would run to around 2078 at a total cost of about £7.9bn.", "source": "https://northern-times.co.uk/news/new-end-date-at-dounreay-will-mean-a-spend-of-7-9bn-347501" }, { "date": "2025-03-29", "event": "Dounreay employed about 1,400 people with annual spend of about £225m as clean-up continued.", "source": "https://northern-times.co.uk/news/dounreay-at-forefront-of-nuclear-decommissioning-70-years-378283" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/dounreay", "title": "Dounreay", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://northern-times.co.uk/news/dounreay-at-forefront-of-nuclear-decommissioning-70-years-378283", "title": "Dounreay at forefront of nuclear decommissioning 70 years", "publisher": "Northern Times", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://northern-times.co.uk/news/new-end-date-at-dounreay-will-mean-a-spend-of-7-9bn-347501", "title": "New end date at Dounreay will mean a spend of £7.9bn", "publisher": "Northern Times", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site-information/", "title": "About NRS", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "low", "notes": "Research/prototype site rather than a commercial plant; included for search demand. Cost figure is press-reported (worker briefing), not an official NDA publication; target year ~2078 not confirmed by NDA so target completion not recorded. PFR 250 MWe is commonly cited but not in the sources reviewed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "dresden-unit-1", "name": "Dresden Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Morris, Illinois", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Dresden 1, one of the first US commercial BWRs (1960-1978), has sat in SAFSTOR for decades next to the still-operating Dresden Units 2 and 3. All its fuel is in the site ISFSI, and the NRC granted Constellation an exemption to finish decommissioning beyond the usual 60-year limit, with closure estimated in 2071.", "site": "Dresden Nuclear Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Constellation Energy Generation", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "1978-10-31", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2071", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All Unit 1 spent fuel in the on-site ISFSI.", "notable_issue": "Decommissioning deferred until Units 2 and 3 retire; NRC exemption allows completion beyond 60 years.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1960-07", "event": "Dresden 1 began commercial power production.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1" }, { "date": "1978-10-31", "event": "Dresden 1 shut down for the final time.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1" }, { "date": "1984", "event": "Chemical decontamination of the primary system was completed.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1" }, { "date": "1993-09", "event": "The NRC approved the Decommissioning Program Plan.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1" }, { "date": "2024-03-14", "event": "The licensee requested an alternative schedule to complete decommissioning beyond 60 years.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1" }, { "date": "2026-01", "event": "NRC issued an exemption allowing decommissioning to finish beyond 60 years.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2601/ML26012A308.pdf" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/dresden-nuclear-power-station-unit-1", "title": "Dresden - Unit 1", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2601/ML26012A308.pdf", "title": "Exemption for alternative schedule to complete decommissioning beyond 60 years (Dresden 1)", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Exemption date inferred from ADAMS accession ML26012A308 (January 2026).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "duane-arnold", "name": "Duane Arnold Energy Center", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Palo, Iowa", "status": "restart_planned", "summary": "Iowa's only nuclear plant, the 610 MWe Duane Arnold BWR, closed in August 2020 and was in decommissioning until NextEra moved to restart it. Under an October 2025 deal Google will buy its output for 25 years, and NextEra targets a return to service in early 2029 pending NRC approvals.", "site": "Duane Arnold Energy Center", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 610, "owner": "NextEra Energy Duane Arnold LLC", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": null, "final_shutdown": "2020-08-10", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in the on-site general-license ISFSI.", "notable_issue": "Restart backed by a 25-year Google power purchase agreement.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2020-08-10", "event": "Duane Arnold permanently ceased operations.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/duan" }, { "date": "2025-01-23", "event": "NextEra made its first restart-related licensing submittals to the NRC.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/duan" }, { "date": "2025-10-28", "event": "NextEra and Google announced a 25-year PPA underpinning a restart targeted for early 2029.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/duane-arnold-restart-underpins-nextera-energy-and-google-collaboration" }, { "date": "2025-11-10", "event": "NextEra submitted an Environmental Report to support the NRC's restart environmental review.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/duan" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/duan", "title": "Duane Arnold Energy Center", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/duane-arnold-restart-underpins-nextera-energy-and-google-collaboration", "title": "Duane Arnold restart underpins NextEra Energy and Google collaboration", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-01-28/article-7715/nextera-considers-new-nuclear-progresses-on-restart/", "title": "NextEra considers new nuclear, progresses on restart", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Restart, not decommissioning: covered in the restarts tracker under the same slug.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "site:duane-arnold" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "dungeness-b", "name": "Dungeness B", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Dungeness, Kent, England", "status": "fuel_removal", "summary": "Dungeness B, a twin AGR station that last generated in September 2018, moved straight into defueling in June 2021 rather than restart. EDF is still removing fuel, and in March 2026 the ONR consulted on EDF's decommissioning scoping report; the site will later pass to the NDA.", "site": "Dungeness", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "AGR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "EDF Energy", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "2021-06", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Defueling under way since 2021 (about 25% of one reactor's fuel removed as of December 2024).", "notable_issue": "Full site restoration expected to take nearly a century; neighbouring Magnox Dungeness A is separately decommissioned by NRS.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1983-04", "event": "Dungeness B first connected to the grid.", "source": "https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz7qvderej9o" }, { "date": "2018-09", "event": "Dungeness B stopped generating electricity during an extended outage.", "source": "https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz7qvderej9o" }, { "date": "2021-06", "event": "EDF moved Dungeness B into the defueling phase with immediate effect.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/operational-power-stations/operational-sitesfacilites/dungeness-b" }, { "date": "2024-12-17", "event": "EDF reported about 25% of one reactor's fuel had been removed.", "source": "https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz7qvderej9o" }, { "date": "2026-03-16", "event": "ONR launched a consultation on EDF's scoping report for decommissioning Dungeness B.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/03/onr-launches-consultation-on-dungeness-b-decommissioning-plans" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/operational-power-stations/operational-sitesfacilites/dungeness-b", "title": "Dungeness B", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/03/onr-launches-consultation-on-dungeness-b-decommissioning-plans", "title": "ONR launches consultation on Dungeness B decommissioning plans", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz7qvderej9o", "title": "Dungeness: 'Long journey ahead' for nuclear plant clean-up", "publisher": "BBC News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-2970/edf-retires-uks-dungeness-plant/", "title": "EDF retires U.K.'s Dungeness plant", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "final shutdown uses the June 2021 decision to end generation (last power was September 2018).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "emsland", "name": "Emsland Nuclear Power Plant (KKE)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Lingen, Lower Saxony", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "RWE's 1,400 MW Emsland PWR was one of Germany's last three reactors, shut on 15 April 2023. RWE received the dismantling permit in September 2024 and expects the plant to be released from the Atomic Energy Act by 2037.", "site": "Emsland / Lingen", "units": [ "KKE" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1335, "owner": "RWE Nuclear GmbH", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2023-04-15", "decommissioning_start": "2024-09", "target_completion": "2037", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel cooling in the pool (as of April 2025) before transfer to the on-site Lingen interim store (operating since 2002).", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2023-04-15", "event": "Emsland was taken offline in Germany's nuclear phase-out.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-emsland/" }, { "date": "2024-03", "event": "Primary circuit decontamination was carried out.", "source": "https://www.base.bund.de/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/2025/rueckbau-akw.html" }, { "date": "2024-09", "event": "RWE received the decommissioning and dismantling permit from Lower Saxony.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-emsland/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-emsland/", "title": "Dismantling plant Emsland", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/presse/rwe-nuclear/2024-09-26-stilllegungs-und-abbaugenehmigung-fuer-abgeschaltetes-kernkraftwerk-emsland-erhalten/", "title": "Stilllegungs- und Abbaugenehmigung für abgeschaltetes Kernkraftwerk Emsland erhalten", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.base.bund.de/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/2025/rueckbau-akw.html", "title": "Zwei Jahre nach dem Atomausstieg läuft bei allen AKW der Rückbau", "publisher": "BASE (Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Separate earlier Lingen BWR (240 MW, 1968-77) on the adjacent site is also being dismantled by RWE; not counted here.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "fermi-unit-1", "name": "Fermi Unit 1 (Enrico Fermi Atomic Power Plant)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Newport, Michigan", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Fermi 1 was an early sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor that suffered a partial fuel melt in 1966 and was retired in 1972. It sits in safe storage inside the operating Fermi 2 site with no spent fuel or bulk sodium left and its reactor vessel removed; the NRC estimates closure in 2032.", "site": "Fermi site", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "FBR (sodium-cooled)" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "DTE Electric", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1972", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2032", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "No spent fuel on site; fuel shipped offsite in 1973.", "notable_issue": "Prototype fast breeder; primary sodium removed in 1984.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1972-11", "event": "The Power Reactor Development Company decided to decommission Fermi 1.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/enrico-fermi-atomic-power-plant-unit-1" }, { "date": "1973", "event": "Fuel and blanket subassemblies were shipped offsite.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/enrico-fermi-atomic-power-plant-unit-1" }, { "date": "1984", "event": "Radioactive primary sodium was shipped offsite.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/enrico-fermi-atomic-power-plant-unit-1" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/enrico-fermi-atomic-power-plant-unit-1", "title": "Fermi - Unit 1", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1908/ML19088A250.pdf", "title": "Fermi 1 decommissioning funding status report (DTE Electric)", "publisher": "U.S. NRC (licensee filing)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Licensee DTE Electric per its NRC decommissioning funding filing. Strategy mixed: safe storage with major components already removed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "fessenheim", "name": "Fessenheim Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "FR", "region": "europe", "location": "Fessenheim, Haut-Rhin", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "France's oldest operating plant, Fessenheim's two PWRs on the Rhine were shut in February and June 2020 under a political phase-down decision. The full dismantling decree was published on 3 May 2026, opening the way for work in the nuclear buildings; EDF expects dismantling to run until 2048.", "site": "Fessenheim", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "EDF (with EnBW 17.5% and Swiss partners 15%)", "decommissioning_contractor": "EDF / Cyclife Engineering", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2020-06-30", "decommissioning_start": "2026-05", "target_completion": "2048", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Cores unloaded in 2020; spent fuel shipped to La Hague for reprocessing.", "notable_issue": "Six old steam generators to be shipped to Sweden for metal recycling.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2020-02-22", "event": "Fessenheim Unit 1 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/grand-est/centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim" }, { "date": "2020-06-30", "event": "Fessenheim Unit 2 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/grand-est/centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim" }, { "date": "2020-11", "event": "EDF submitted its dismantling file to the minister for nuclear safety.", "source": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/grand-est/centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim" }, { "date": "2026-05-01", "event": "The government signed decree 2026-336 prescribing Fessenheim's dismantling (published 3 May).", "source": "https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000054023265" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.edf.fr/la-centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim/les-actualites-de-la-centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim/fessenheim-la-publication-du-decret-ouvre-la-voie-au-demantelement-du-site", "title": "Fessenheim : la publication du décret ouvre la voie au démantèlement du site", "publisher": "EDF", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://reglementation-controle.asnr.fr/controle/l-asnr-en-region/grand-est/centrale-nucleaire-de-fessenheim", "title": "Centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim", "publisher": "ASNR (French nuclear safety authority)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000054023265", "title": "Décret n° 2026-336 du 1er mai 2026 prescrivant à EDF de procéder aux opérations de démantèlement de l'INB n° 75 (Fessenheim)", "publisher": "Légifrance", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/france", "title": "Nuclear Power in France", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Minority stakes per WNA. EDF: ~300 people per year on site through 2048.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:edf" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "fort-calhoun", "name": "Fort Calhoun Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Fort Calhoun, Nebraska", "status": "site_restoration", "summary": "Omaha Public Power District closed the single-unit Fort Calhoun PWR in October 2016 for economic reasons and switched from SAFSTOR to prompt DECON in 2019. Release of the bulk of the site (except the dry-cask pad) is expected in 2026, with an LTP revision under NRC review.", "site": "Fort Calhoun Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 482, "owner": "Omaha Public Power District", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2016-10-24", "decommissioning_start": "2019-12", "target_completion": "2026", "cost_estimate": 382185662, "trust_fund_balance": 339711261, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel in dry storage (Transnuclear NUHOMS) since May 2020; expected DOE removal 2058, ISFSI decommissioned 2059.", "notable_issue": null, "cost_as_of": "2025", "fund_as_of": "2025-12-31", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2016-10-24", "event": "OPPD permanently shut down Fort Calhoun.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/fcs" }, { "date": "2019-12", "event": "OPPD switched its decommissioning strategy from SAFSTOR to DECON.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/fcs" }, { "date": "2020-05", "event": "Fuel transfer to the ISFSI was completed.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/fcs" }, { "date": "2024-01-31", "event": "NRC approved the License Termination Plan by license amendment.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/fcs" }, { "date": "2025-12-12", "event": "NRC published an environmental assessment on OPPD's LTP Revision 2.", "source": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-12-12/html/2025-22657.htm" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/fcs", "title": "Fort Calhoun Station", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-12-12/html/2025-22657.htm", "title": "Fort Calhoun LTP Revision 2 environmental assessment (FR 2025-12-12)", "publisher": "Federal Register / NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2606/ML26064A108.pdf", "title": "Fort Calhoun Station, Unit No. 1 2026 Annual Decommissioning Funding Status Report", "publisher": "OPPD / U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Capacity 482 MWe per WNA. NRC estimated closure 2026 refers to release of the bulk of the site; ISFSI decommissioning planned 2059. Cost = remaining DCE in 2025 dollars ($52.9m license termination + $5.9m site restoration + $323.4m spent fuel management); the 2018 SAFSTOR-based DCE was $1.21bn.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "fukushima-daiichi", "name": "Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (Units 1-6)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Okuma and Futaba, Fukushima Prefecture", "status": "fuel_removal", "summary": "TEPCO is decommissioning all six Fukushima Daiichi units under the government's Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap, targeting completion 30-40 years after the 2011 triple meltdown. Spent fuel removal from Unit 2's pool began on 2 June 2026 and trial fuel-debris retrieval began in 2024, but full-scale debris removal has slipped to 2037 at the earliest.", "site": "Fukushima Daiichi", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2", "Unit 3", "Unit 4", "Unit 5", "Unit 6" ], "unit_count": 6, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings (TEPCO)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2014-01-31", "decommissioning_start": "2011-12", "target_completion": "2051", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Unit 4 pool emptied December 2014 and Unit 3 February 2021; Unit 2 pool removal began 2 June 2026; Unit 1 removal due to start FY2027-28; roadmap target is all units' pools emptied within 2031.", "notable_issue": "Melted fuel debris retrieval: only gram-scale samples removed (Nov 2024, Apr 2025); full-scale retrieval delayed to 2037 or later.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011-03-11", "event": "An earthquake and tsunami caused meltdowns in Units 1-3 and hydrogen explosions.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/about/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2011-12", "event": "The government adopted the original Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap for decommissioning.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/project/roadmap/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2012-04-19", "event": "Units 1-4 were permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/about/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2014-01-31", "event": "Units 5 and 6 were permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/about/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2021-02", "event": "All fuel was removed from the Unit 3 spent fuel pool.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/about/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2024-09-10", "event": "TEPCO began trial fuel debris retrieval at Unit 2.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/project/roadmap/index-e.html" }, { "date": "2025-07-29", "event": "TEPCO said full-scale debris removal would start in 2037 at the earliest instead of the early 2030s.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/fuel-debris-removal-from-fukushima-reactors-delayed" }, { "date": "2026-06-02", "event": "TEPCO began removing spent fuel from the Unit 2 pool.", "source": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/project/roadmap/index-e.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/project/roadmap/index-e.html", "title": "Roadmap on the Way to Decommissioning", "publisher": "TEPCO", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/about/index-e.html", "title": "Status of Each Unit of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station", "publisher": "TEPCO", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.tepco.co.jp/en/hd/decommission/progress/removal/unit2/index-e.html", "title": "Fuel Removal from Unit 2 Spent Fuel Pool", "publisher": "TEPCO", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/fuel-debris-removal-from-fukushima-reactors-delayed", "title": "Fuel debris removal from Fukushima reactors delayed", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.meti.go.jp/english/earthquake/nuclear/decommissioning/index.html", "title": "Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap towards the Decommissioning of TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS Units 1-4", "publisher": "METI", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://foejapan.org/en/issue/20260305/28495/", "title": "[Statement] 15 Years Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster", "publisher": "FoE Japan", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "target completion 2051 = roadmap's 30-40 years from December 2011 (TEPCO says 30-40 years; 2051 is the commonly cited end-point, not stated verbatim on pages opened). The government's total Fukushima accident cost estimate is JPY 23.5 trillion (decommissioning + compensation + decontamination, per FoE Japan, March 2026); the decommissioning-only share is not separated here, so cost estimate not recorded.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "fukushima-daini", "name": "Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Station (Units 1-4)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Naraha and Tomioka, Fukushima Prefecture", "status": "fuel_removal", "summary": "Fukushima Daini's four BWRs, 11 km south of Daiichi, survived the 2011 tsunami in cold shutdown but were never restarted; TEPCO decided in July 2019 to decommission them. The regulator approved a 44-year plan in April 2021 that removes about 10,000 pool fuel assemblies over 22 years using a new on-site dry cask store.", "site": "Fukushima Daini", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2", "Unit 3", "Unit 4" ], "unit_count": 4, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings (TEPCO)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019", "decommissioning_start": "2021", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "About 10,000 fuel assemblies in unit pools, to be moved to on-site dry casks and reprocessed over ~22 years.", "notable_issue": "Decommissioned in tandem with Fukushima Daiichi in response to local demands.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2018-06", "event": "TEPCO said it was considering decommissioning Fukushima Daini.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fukushima-Daini-decommissioning-plan-approved" }, { "date": "2019-07", "event": "TEPCO formally decided to decommission all four units.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fukushima-Daini-decommissioning-plan-approved" }, { "date": "2020-05", "event": "TEPCO submitted its 44-year decommissioning plan to the NRA.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fukushima-Daini-decommissioning-plan-approved" }, { "date": "2021-04-28", "event": "The NRA approved the Fukushima Daini decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fukushima-Daini-decommissioning-plan-approved" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fukushima-Daini-decommissioning-plan-approved", "title": "Fukushima Daini decommissioning plan approved", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Tepco-declares-Fukushima-Daini-for-decommissioning", "title": "Tepco declares Fukushima Daini for decommissioning", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Plan runs ~44 years from 2021 approval (implies completion in the mid-2060s; no official year stated in the sources reviewed). final shutdown year = 2019 retirement decision.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "vallecitos", "name": "GE Vallecitos (VBWR and EVESR)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Sunol, California", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "The Vallecitos Nuclear Center hosted the first privately owned US power reactor (VBWR) and the EVESR superheat reactor, both long in SAFSTOR. NorthStar took ownership from GE Hitachi/GE Vernova in March 2025 and aims to terminate the remaining EVESR license by 2030.", "site": "Vallecitos Nuclear Center", "units": [ "VBWR", "EVESR" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR", "Superheat BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "NorthStar Vallecitos LLC", "decommissioning_contractor": "NorthStar Group Services", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": null, "decommissioning_start": "2025-03-14", "target_completion": "2030", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel removed from the site.", "notable_issue": "VBWR residual structures folded into the EVESR license in August 2025 to streamline termination.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1970-04-15", "event": "The NRC's predecessor authorized possession-only status for EVESR.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/general-electric-co-vesr" }, { "date": "2024-04-25", "event": "NRC approved transfer of the Vallecitos Nuclear Center licenses from GEH to NorthStar.", "source": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/09/03/2025-16873/northstar-vallecitos-llc-vallecitos-boiling-water-reactor-license-termination-exemption" }, { "date": "2025-03-14", "event": "Licenses transferred to NorthStar Vallecitos LLC.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/general-electric-co-vesr" }, { "date": "2025-08-19", "event": "NRC issued Amendment 8 moving remaining VBWR structures under the EVESR license.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/general-electric-co-vesr" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/general-electric-co-vesr", "title": "General Electric Co. - ESADA Vallecitos Experimental Superheat Reactor (EVESR)", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/vallecitos-boiling-water-reactor-vbwr", "title": "General Electric Co. - Vallecitos Boiling Water Reactor (VBWR)", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.northstar.com/northstar-closes-ge-hitachi-vallecitos-nuclear-center-decommissioning-deal/", "title": "NorthStar Closes GE Hitachi Vallecitos Nuclear Center Decommissioning Deal", "publisher": "NorthStar Group Services", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/09/03/2025-16873/northstar-vallecitos-llc-vallecitos-boiling-water-reactor-license-termination-exemption", "title": "NorthStar Vallecitos, LLC; Vallecitos Boiling Water Reactor; License Termination Exemption", "publisher": "Federal Register / NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "NorthStar intends to submit an EVESR License Termination Plan by 2028. Both are small early experimental power reactors.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "genkai-1-2", "name": "Genkai Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Genkai, Saga Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Kyushu Electric is decommissioning Genkai 1 (529 MWe, retired 2015) and Genkai 2 (559 MWe, retired 2019), two older PWRs at a site whose Units 3 and 4 still operate. Both remain in the decommissioning phase, with periodic decommissioning-phase inspections completed in July 2026.", "site": "Genkai", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1088, "owner": "Kyushu Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2015-03-18", "event": "Kyushu Electric decided to decommission Genkai 1.", "source": "https://www.kyuden.co.jp/english/company/news/2015/2015/h150318-1.html" }, { "date": "2019-02-13", "event": "Kyushu Electric's board decided not to restart Genkai 2 and to decommission it.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/genkai-2-to-be-decommissioned" }, { "date": "2026-07-09", "event": "Kyushu completed decommissioning-phase periodic inspections of Genkai 1 (7th) and 2 (4th).", "source": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9508.T_20260709_e69ba9e2843b" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kyuden.co.jp/english/company/news/2015/2015/h150318-1.html", "title": "Decommissioning of the Genkai Nuclear Power Unit No. 1", "publisher": "Kyushu Electric Power", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/genkai-2-to-be-decommissioned", "title": "Genkai 2 to be decommissioned", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9508.T_20260709_e69ba9e2843b", "title": "Kyushu Electric Power Completes Periodic Operator Inspections (Decommissioning Phase) for Genkai 1 and 2", "publisher": "Kyushu Electric Power IR (via BigGo Finance)", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Net capacities 529 MWe (WNA) + 559 MWe (WNN). Exact formal retirement dates not in the sources reviewed. Status set to \"Active dismantling\" with moderate certainty — detailed stage not confirmed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "site:genkai" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "grafenrheinfeld", "name": "Grafenrheinfeld Nuclear Power Plant (KKG)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Grafenrheinfeld, Bavaria", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Grafenrheinfeld, a 1,275 MWe PWR on the Main, closed in June 2015 and has been dismantled by PreussenElektra since 2018. Its two 143 m cooling towers were blown up in August 2024; the operator aims to finish around 2035, while the spent-fuel interim store will remain much longer.", "site": "Grafenrheinfeld", "units": [ "KKG" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1275, "owner": "PreussenElektra (E.ON)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2015-06-27", "decommissioning_start": "2018", "target_completion": "2035", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in the on-site interim store, expected to remain long after dismantling.", "notable_issue": "Cooling-tower demolition on 16 August 2024 drew thousands of spectators.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2015-06-27", "event": "Grafenrheinfeld permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2018", "event": "Dismantling of the plant began.", "source": "https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/34000-tonnen-schutt-und-staub-spektakulare-sprengung-der-akw-kuhlturme-grafenrheinfeld-12212420.html" }, { "date": "2024-08-16", "event": "PreussenElektra blew up the plant's two cooling towers.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkgrafenrheinfeld/sprengung-der-kuehltuerme-des-kernkraftwerks-grafenrheinfeld.html" }, { "date": "2026-08-13", "event": "Two years on, the operator said it aimed to finish dismantling in 2035.", "source": "https://www.sueddeutsche.de/projekte/artikel/bayern/grafenrheinfeld-atomkraftwerk-kuehltuerme-sprengung-rueckbau-e390583/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkgrafenrheinfeld/sprengung-der-kuehltuerme-des-kernkraftwerks-grafenrheinfeld.html", "title": "Sprengung der Kühltürme des Kernkraftwerks Grafenrheinfeld", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/34000-tonnen-schutt-und-staub-spektakulare-sprengung-der-akw-kuhlturme-grafenrheinfeld-12212420.html", "title": "Spektakuläre Sprengung der AKW-Kühltürme Grafenrheinfeld", "publisher": "Der Tagesspiegel", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.sueddeutsche.de/projekte/artikel/bayern/grafenrheinfeld-atomkraftwerk-kuehltuerme-sprengung-rueckbau-e390583/", "title": "Atomkraftwerk Grafenrheinfeld: Der Abzug nach dem großen Knall", "publisher": "Süddeutsche Zeitung", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "2035 target from Süddeutsche Zeitung (Aug 2026) snippet.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "greifswald", "name": "Greifswald (Lubmin) Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Lubmin, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "East Germany's largest nuclear plant, five Soviet VVER-440 units at Lubmin, was shut in 1989-90 after reunification and has been under immediate dismantling by state-owned EWN since 1995. EWN now expects to finish only in the mid-2040s, with costs heading towards €10 billion due to unexpected concrete contamination and budget cuts.", "site": "Greifswald / Lubmin", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2", "Unit 3", "Unit 4", "Unit 5" ], "unit_count": 5, "reactor_types": [ "VVER-440" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2040, "owner": "EWN Entsorgungswerk für Nuklearanlagen GmbH (federal government)", "decommissioning_contractor": "EWN", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "1990-12-18", "decommissioning_start": "1995", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": 10000000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel moved to the on-site Interim Storage Facility North (ISN) by May 2006.", "notable_issue": "Contaminated concrete in 'Special Building 1' exceeds clearance limits by over 100x; each extra year costs about €120m.", "cost_as_of": "2025-09", "currency": "EUR", "milestones": [ { "date": "1989-11-24", "event": "Unit 5 was shut down, the first of the five operating units to close.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "1990-12-18", "event": "Unit 1, the last operating unit, was shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "1995", "event": "Dismantling of the Greifswald plant began.", "source": "https://www.ewn-gmbh.de/en/home" }, { "date": "2006-05", "event": "The last nuclear fuel was moved from Unit 3 to the adjacent interim store.", "source": "https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/mecklenburg-vorpommern/kernkraftwerk-lubmin-16-jahre-stromerzeugung-50-jahre-rueckbau,kernkraftwerk-100.html" }, { "date": "2025-09-02", "event": "EWN said completion would slip to the mid-2040s and costs would rise to about €10bn.", "source": "https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/mecklenburg-vorpommern/zehn-milliarden-euro-kkw-rueckbau-in-lubmin-dauert-laenger-und-wird-teurer,rueckbaulubmin-100.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ewn-gmbh.de/en/home", "title": "EWN Entsorgungswerk für Nuklearanlagen GmbH", "publisher": "EWN", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/mecklenburg-vorpommern/kernkraftwerk-lubmin-16-jahre-stromerzeugung-50-jahre-rueckbau,kernkraftwerk-100.html", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Lubmin: 16 Jahre Stromerzeugung - 50 Jahre Rückbau", "publisher": "NDR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/mecklenburg-vorpommern/zehn-milliarden-euro-kkw-rueckbau-in-lubmin-dauert-laenger-und-wird-teurer,rueckbaulubmin-100.html", "title": "Zehn Milliarden Euro: KKW-Rückbau in Lubmin wird teurer", "publisher": "NDR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Net capacity 5 x 408 MWe per WNA (unit 6 never operated, now a museum). €10bn figure from NDR headline; EWN also decommissions Rheinsberg (not counted).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "grohnde", "name": "Grohnde Nuclear Power Plant (KWG)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Emmerthal, Lower Saxony", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Grohnde, a PWR on the Weser shut on 31 December 2021, has been in dismantling since January 2024. It became fuel-free in April 2026 and received its second and final dismantling permit in May 2026; PreussenElektra targets completion by 2039.", "site": "Grohnde", "units": [ "KWG" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1360, "owner": "PreussenElektra (E.ON)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2021-12-31", "decommissioning_start": "2024-01", "target_completion": "2039", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel in CASTOR casks at the on-site Grohnde interim store since 7 April 2026.", "notable_issue": "Reactor vessel internals cutting is scheduled to start in early 2027.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2021-12-31", "event": "Grohnde ended power operation.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html" }, { "date": "2023-12", "event": "The decommissioning and first dismantling permit was granted.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html" }, { "date": "2024-01", "event": "Dismantling work began.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html" }, { "date": "2026-04-07", "event": "The last CASTOR cask moved to the on-site interim store, making the plant fuel-free.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html" }, { "date": "2026-05-15", "event": "PreussenElektra received the second and final dismantling permit, covering the reactor vessel and biological shield.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/newsroom/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-2026/2026-kwg-erhaelt-zweite-und-letzte-rueckbaugenehmigung.html", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Grohnde erhält zweite und letzte Rückbaugenehmigung", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/permit-issued-for-second-phase-of-grohnde-dismantling-work", "title": "Permit issued for second phase of Grohnde dismantling work", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": null, "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "gundremmingen", "name": "Gundremmingen Nuclear Power Plant (Units B and C)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Gundremmingen, Bavaria", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "RWE is dismantling the twin 1,344 MW BWRs at Gundremmingen, once Germany's largest nuclear site, after Unit B closed in 2017 and Unit C at the end of 2021. The two 160 m cooling towers were demolished on 25 October 2025 in front of about 30,000 spectators.", "site": "Gundremmingen", "units": [ "Unit B", "Unit C" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2572, "owner": "RWE Nuclear GmbH", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2021-12-31", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "On-site CASTOR interim store (192 cask positions) operating since 2006, transferred to state-owned BGZ in 2019.", "notable_issue": "Earlier Unit A (250 MW, 1966-77) has been under dismantling since 1983; its turbine hall houses a technology centre for processing dismantled parts.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1984", "event": "Units B and C entered service.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/der-konzern/laender-und-standorte/rueckbauanlage-gundremmingen/" }, { "date": "2017-12-31", "event": "Unit B permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2021-12-31", "event": "Unit C permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2025-10-25", "event": "RWE demolished the site's two 160-metre cooling towers.", "source": "https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/gesellschaft/gundremmingen-akw-kuehltuerme-100.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/der-konzern/laender-und-standorte/rueckbauanlage-gundremmingen/", "title": "Rückbauanlage Gundremmingen", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/gesellschaft/gundremmingen-akw-kuehltuerme-100.html", "title": "Kühltürme von AKW Gundremmingen gesprengt", "publisher": "tagesschau.de (ARD)", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Net capacities 1284 + 1288 MWe per WNA. Dismantling start date and target year not found in sources checked.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "hamaoka-1-2", "name": "Hamaoka Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Omaezaki, Shizuoka Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Chubu Electric's Hamaoka 1 and 2 BWRs, closed in 2009 over seismic upgrade costs, are the first Japanese commercial reactors to reach the reactor-dismantling stage. Unit 2's reactor dismantling began in March 2025 and Unit 1's in October 2025; Chubu expects to finish in fiscal 2042.", "site": "Hamaoka", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Chubu Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2009-01", "decommissioning_start": "2009-11", "target_completion": "2042", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "First commercial reactors in Japan to enter the reactor-dismantling stage.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2009-01", "event": "Chubu decided to close both units rather than upgrade to new seismic standards.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way" }, { "date": "2009-11", "event": "METI approved the four-stage plan and Stage 1 began.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way" }, { "date": "2024-12-18", "event": "The NRA approved moving to Stage 3 (reactor dismantling).", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way" }, { "date": "2025-03-17", "event": "Chubu removed Unit 2's pressure vessel upper lid, starting reactor dismantling.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way" }, { "date": "2025-10-10", "event": "Chubu reported removing Unit 1's pressure vessel lid as reactor dismantling began.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-hamaoka-1-reactor-under-way", "title": "Dismantling of Hamaoka 1 reactor under way", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.chuden.co.jp/english/corporate/releases/pressreleases/1215188_5163.html", "title": "Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station Units 1 and 2 Entering ...", "publisher": "Chubu Electric Power", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Gross capacities 540 + 840 MWe per WNN (net not given).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "hinkley-point-b", "name": "Hinkley Point B", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Bridgwater, Somerset, England", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Hinkley Point B, a two-reactor AGR that generated 311 TWh over 46 years, shut in August 2022 and was declared fuel-free in January 2026. On 1 October 2026 the ONR approved its relicensing to Nuclear Restoration Services, making it the second AGR handed from EDF to the NDA for decommissioning.", "site": "Hinkley Point", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "AGR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "2022-08", "decommissioning_start": "2026-10-01", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel-free since January 2026: more than 4,900 fuel elements sent by rail to Sellafield; final fuel left 28 November 2025.", "notable_issue": "Neighbours the Hinkley Point C new-build and the Magnox Hinkley Point A decommissioning site.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1976-02", "event": "Hinkley Point B was first synchronised to the grid.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-point-b-plant-declared-free-of-fuel" }, { "date": "2022-08", "event": "Hinkley Point B permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-point-b-plant-declared-free-of-fuel" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "Defueling of Reactor 3 was completed; ONR had granted decommissioning consent in late October 2025.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-point-b-plant-declared-free-of-fuel" }, { "date": "2026-01-13", "event": "EDF declared Hinkley Point B free of fuel.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-point-b-plant-declared-free-of-fuel" }, { "date": "2026-10-01", "event": "ONR approved transfer of the site licence to Nuclear Restoration Services.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/10/onr-gives-green-light-for-hinkley-point-b-licence-transfer-to-nuclear-restoration-services" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-point-b-plant-declared-free-of-fuel", "title": "Hinkley Point B plant declared free of fuel", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2025-11-05/article-7519/uk-consents-to-hinkley-point-b-decommissioning/", "title": "U.K. consents to Hinkley Point B decommissioning", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/10/onr-gives-green-light-for-hinkley-point-b-licence-transfer-to-nuclear-restoration-services", "title": "ONR gives green light for Hinkley Point B licence transfer to Nuclear Restoration Services", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/hinkley-pointb-second-agr-transferred-for-decommissioning", "title": "Hinkley Point B becomes second AGR plant transferred for decommissioning", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site-information/", "title": "About NRS", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy classification as for Hunterston B (medium certainty).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "humboldt-bay", "name": "Humboldt Bay Power Plant Unit 3", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Eureka, California", "status": "license_terminated", "summary": "PG&E's 65 MWe Humboldt Bay Unit 3 BWR last operated in 1976 and was fully decommissioned between 2016 and 2021 under an NRC-approved license termination plan. The NRC terminated the reactor license in November 2021; spent fuel remains in an on-site ISFSI under a separate license.", "site": "Humboldt Bay Power Plant", "units": [ "Unit 3" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Pacific Gas and Electric Company", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "1976", "decommissioning_start": "2016-05", "target_completion": "2021", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "About 390 spent fuel assemblies in the on-site ISFSI (separately licensed).", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1976", "event": "Humboldt Bay Unit 3 last operated.", "source": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-11-29/html/2021-25887.htm" }, { "date": "1984", "event": "The reactor was permanently defueled.", "source": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-11-29/html/2021-25887.htm" }, { "date": "2016-05-04", "event": "NRC approved the License Termination Plan.", "source": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-11-29/html/2021-25887.htm" }, { "date": "2021-11-18", "event": "NRC terminated Facility Operating License DPR-7.", "source": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-11-29/html/2021-25887.htm" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-11-29/html/2021-25887.htm", "title": "Pacific Gas and Electric Co.; Humboldt Bay Power Plant, Unit 3; License termination", "publisher": "Federal Register / NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://exchangemonitor.com/nrc-removes-monitoring-requirements-for-humboldt-bay-isfsi-after-decom", "title": "NRC removes monitoring requirements for Humboldt Bay ISFSI after decom", "publisher": "ExchangeMonitor", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "65 MWe gross/electric per Federal Register notice; net figure not given so capacity not recorded.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "hunterston-b", "name": "Hunterston B", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "West Kilbride, North Ayrshire, Scotland", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Hunterston B, a two-reactor AGR station, stopped generating in January 2022 and became the first UK AGR declared fuel-free in April 2025. On 1 April 2026 it became the first AGR transferred from EDF to the NDA's Nuclear Restoration Services for decommissioning.", "site": "Hunterston", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "AGR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "2022-01", "decommissioning_start": "2026-04-01", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel-free since April 2025: 4,880 spent fuel elements shipped by rail to Sellafield in ~350 flasks (2022-2025).", "notable_issue": "Defueling funded by the £20.7bn Nuclear Liabilities Fund; first of seven AGRs to transfer to the NDA.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1976", "event": "Hunterston B began generating.", "source": "https://nrsssg.com/site/hunterston-b-site/" }, { "date": "2022-01", "event": "Hunterston B stopped generating electricity.", "source": "https://www.edfenergy.com/media-centre/transfer-complete-hunterston-b-ownership-change-signals-new-phase-site" }, { "date": "2024-08", "event": "ONR granted EDF consent to decommission Hunterston B.", "source": "https://nrsssg.com/site/hunterston-b-site/" }, { "date": "2025-04", "event": "ONR declared Hunterston B fuel-free, the first UK AGR to reach that point.", "source": "https://nrsssg.com/site/hunterston-b-site/" }, { "date": "2026-04-01", "event": "The site transferred from EDF to the NDA, managed by Nuclear Restoration Services.", "source": "https://www.edfenergy.com/media-centre/transfer-complete-hunterston-b-ownership-change-signals-new-phase-site" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.edfenergy.com/media-centre/transfer-complete-hunterston-b-ownership-change-signals-new-phase-site", "title": "Transfer complete: Hunterston B ownership change signals new phase for site", "publisher": "EDF Energy", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site/hunterston-b-site/", "title": "Hunterston B site", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/hunterston-b", "title": "Hunterston B", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site-information/", "title": "About NRS", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy: AGR baseline is early 'lead and learn' dismantling then reactor safestore — classified deferred-safstor with medium certainty; NDA AGR strategy is not detailed in the sources reviewed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "ignalina", "name": "Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "LT", "region": "europe", "location": "Visaginas", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Lithuania closed Ignalina's two RBMK-1500 reactors, Chernobyl-type graphite units, in 2004 and 2009 as a condition of EU accession. State company Altra is dismantling the plant with mostly EU funding; about 46% of planned dismantling was done by June 2026, reactor core dismantling of Unit 2 is due to start end-2026, and all work should finish by 2050.", "site": "Ignalina", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "RBMK-1500" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2370, "owner": "Altra (Ignalina NPP state enterprise)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Altra; Westinghouse subsidiaries (steam drums)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2009-12-31", "decommissioning_start": "2010", "target_completion": "2050", "cost_estimate": 2500000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel moved to the on-site ISFSF dry store (202 CONSTOR casks) by April 2022.", "notable_issue": "Removal of graphite reactor cores from RBMK units has never been done at this scale.", "cost_as_of": "2026-07", "currency": "EUR", "milestones": [ { "date": "2004-12-31", "event": "Ignalina 1 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania" }, { "date": "2009-12-31", "event": "Ignalina 2 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania" }, { "date": "2014", "event": "Dismantling of Unit 2 commenced.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania" }, { "date": "2022-04", "event": "Transfer of spent fuel to the interim storage facility was completed.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania" }, { "date": "2026-04-10", "event": "Altra said dismantling of Unit 2 reactor channels would begin at end-2026.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-reactor-channels-to-begin-at-second-ignalina-unit" }, { "date": "2026-06", "event": "About 83,400 t of equipment, 46% of the planned total, had been dismantled.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/lithuania", "title": "Nuclear Power in Lithuania", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/dismantling-of-reactor-channels-to-begin-at-second-ignalina-unit", "title": "Dismantling of reactor channels to begin at second Ignalina unit", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://altra.lt/en/areas-of-activity/decommissioning-of-nuclear-facilities/", "title": "Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "Altra (Ignalina NPP)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2026)782642", "title": "Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant", "publisher": "European Parliamentary Research Service", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Cost: 'over €2.5bn' per WNA. Target conflict: WNN quotes reactor dismantling by 2043 and all work by 2050, and elsewhere 'fully decommissioned by 2038' (older plan); 2050 used.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "ikata-1-2", "name": "Ikata Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Ikata, Ehime Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Shikoku Electric retired Ikata 1 (2016) and Ikata 2 (2018), both 538 MWe PWRs, rather than pay for post-Fukushima upgrades, and is decommissioning them in four stages over about 40 years. Ikata 3 continues to operate on the same site.", "site": "Ikata", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1076, "owner": "Shikoku Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2018", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Upgrades of more than JPY 170bn would have been needed to run Ikata 1 beyond 40 years.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2016-03", "event": "Shikoku decided to decommission Ikata 1.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/shikoku-decides-to-retire-ikata-2" }, { "date": "2018-03-27", "event": "Shikoku announced it would also decommission Ikata 2.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/shikoku-decides-to-retire-ikata-2" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "The NRA approved the Ikata 2 decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Regulator-approves-Ikata-2-decommissioning-plan" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/shikoku-decides-to-retire-ikata-2", "title": "Shikoku decides to retire Ikata 2", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Regulator-approves-Ikata-2-decommissioning-plan", "title": "Regulator approves Ikata 2 decommissioning plan", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enerdata.net/publications/daily-energy-news/shikoku-outlines-decommissioning-plan-ikata-2-nuclear-reactor-japan.html", "title": "Shikoku outlines decommissioning plan for Ikata-2", "publisher": "Enerdata", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "low", "notes": "Ikata 2 plan approval year (2020) from WNN headline in search results, not article text. Current stage of work not confirmed; status could be planning/early dismantling.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "indian-point", "name": "Indian Point Energy Center (Units 1-3)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Buchanan, New York", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Holtec Decommissioning International is dismantling all three Indian Point units on the Hudson River after buying the plant from Entergy in May 2021. All spent fuel was moved to dry casks by October 2023 and reactor vessel internals segmentation for Units 2 and 3 continued through late 2025; Holtec has publicly floated a possible restart.", "site": "Indian Point Energy Center", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2", "Unit 3" ], "unit_count": 3, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Holtec Indian Point 2 LLC / Holtec Indian Point 3 LLC (licensed operator: Holtec Decommissioning International)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Holtec Decommissioning International", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2021-04-30", "decommissioning_start": "2021-05", "target_completion": "2062", "cost_estimate": 2300000000, "trust_fund_balance": 2100000000, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel from Units 1-3 in 127 dry casks on the on-site ISFSI pad since October 2023.", "notable_issue": "New York State law bars Holtec from discharging radioactive wastewater into the Hudson River; Holtec has challenged it, and in September 2025 Holtec floated restarting the reactors.", "cost_as_of": "2020-01", "fund_as_of": "2019-10", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "1974-10-31", "event": "Unit 1 shut down because its emergency core cooling system did not meet regulatory requirements.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/indian-point-unit-1" }, { "date": "2020-04-30", "event": "Unit 2 permanently ceased power operations.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/ip2" }, { "date": "2021-04-30", "event": "Unit 3, the last operating reactor, permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/ip3" }, { "date": "2021-05", "event": "Holtec completed its purchase of Indian Point from Entergy for accelerated decommissioning.", "source": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/indian-point/" }, { "date": "2023-10-14", "event": "The last Unit 3 fuel assembly was placed into dry cask storage, completing the campaign.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-5463/holtec-completes-indian-point-dry-storage-campaign/" }, { "date": "2025-09-10", "event": "Holtec publicly floated restarting the shuttered Indian Point reactors.", "source": "https://www.politico.com/news/2025/09/10/indian-point-owner-floats-restart-of-shuttered-nuclear-reactors-00552865" }, { "date": "2025-12", "event": "NRC inspectors reported continued reactor vessel internals segmentation at Units 2 and 3.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2601/ML26014A190.pdf" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/indian-point-unit-1", "title": "Indian Point Unit 1", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/ip2", "title": "Indian Point Unit 2", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/ip3", "title": "Indian Point Unit 3", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/indian-point/", "title": "Indian Point Decommissioning", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-5463/holtec-completes-indian-point-dry-storage-campaign/", "title": "Holtec completes Indian Point dry storage campaign", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.politico.com/news/2025/09/10/indian-point-owner-floats-restart-of-shuttered-nuclear-reactors-00552865", "title": "Indian Point owner floats restart of shuttered nuclear reactors", "publisher": "POLITICO", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2601/ML26014A190.pdf", "title": "NRC Region I inspection report, Indian Point (Jul-Dec 2025)", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0002104277/000119312526384287/d40440ds1a.htm", "title": "Holtec Nuclear Corp Form S-1/A (2026)", "publisher": "U.S. SEC / Holtec", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://ag.ny.gov/press-release/2020/ag-james-takes-action-ensure-safe-rapid-and-complete-dismantling-indian-point", "title": "AG James Takes Action To Ensure Safe, Rapid, And Complete Dismantling Of Indian Point", "publisher": "New York Attorney General", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "target completion 2062 = license termination per Holtec PSDAR as summarized by NRC; Holtec has separately said it aims to clear the site (except fuel) by the mid-2030s (ExchangeMonitor reports a 2036 target). Cost $2.3bn and trust ~$2.1bn (Oct 2019) are from the NY AG's 2020 filing summarizing Holtec's PSDAR. Holtec's 2026 S-1 shows Holtec must keep at least $360m in the Indian Point NDT until partial site release.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [ "nuclear-plant-restarts/indian-point-2", "nuclear-plant-restarts/indian-point-3" ], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "isar", "name": "Isar Nuclear Power Plant (Isar 1 and 2)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Essenbach, Bavaria", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "PreussenElektra is dismantling both Isar units near Landshut: Isar 1 (BWR, shut 2011) since its 2017 permit, and Isar 2 (Germany's most powerful PWR, shut 15 April 2023) since a March 2024 permit. The operator aims to finish the Essenbach site by the end of the 2030s.", "site": "Isar / Ohu", "units": [ "Isar 1", "Isar 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR", "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2288, "owner": "PreussenElektra (E.ON)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2023-04-15", "decommissioning_start": "2017-01", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in CASTOR casks at the on-site interim store (state-run BGZ).", "notable_issue": "Isar 2 was one of the last three German reactors; Bavaria's government opposed the 2023 shutdown. A November 2025 mishap briefly interrupted Isar 2 dismantling.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011-03", "event": "Isar 1 was shut down with seven other German reactors after Fukushima.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkisar.html" }, { "date": "2017-01", "event": "The decommissioning and dismantling permit for Isar 1 was granted.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkisar.html" }, { "date": "2023-04-15", "event": "Isar 2 permanently shut down in Germany's nuclear phase-out.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2024-03", "event": "Bavaria issued the dismantling permit for Isar 2; Isar 1 dismantling was about half complete.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/permit-issued-for-dismantling-of-isar-2" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "A mishap interrupted Isar 2 dismantling; regular work resumed in March 2026.", "source": "https://www.diebayern.de/wirtschaft/rueckbau-von-isar-2-in-niederbayern-laeuft-nach-panne-wieder-regulaer-reaktivierun-3125515" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkisar.html", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Isar", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/permit-issued-for-dismantling-of-isar-2", "title": "Permit issued for dismantling of Isar 2", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.diebayern.de/wirtschaft/rueckbau-von-isar-2-in-niederbayern-laeuft-nach-panne-wieder-regulaer-reaktivierun-3125515", "title": "Isar 2 (Niederbayern): Rückbau läuft", "publisher": "Die Bayern", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.base.bund.de/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/2025/rueckbau-akw.html", "title": "Zwei Jahre nach dem Atomausstieg läuft bei allen AKW der Rückbau", "publisher": "BASE (Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Net capacities 878 + 1410 MWe per WNA. Isar 1 legal shutdown date 2011-08-06 per WNA (operation ended March 2011). PreussenElektra target: site dismantled by end of the 2030s (no exact year).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "kewaunee", "name": "Kewaunee Power Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Carlton, Kewaunee County, Wisconsin", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Kewaunee, a single-unit Westinghouse PWR on Lake Michigan, closed in May 2013 and sat in SAFSTOR until EnergySolutions bought it from Dominion in 2022 to dismantle it. EnergySolutions and WEC Energy are now also exploring new reactors at the site and told the NRC in January 2026 they expect to file a licensing application by June 2028.", "site": "Kewaunee Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Kewaunee Solutions (EnergySolutions)", "decommissioning_contractor": "EnergySolutions", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "2013-05-07", "decommissioning_start": "2022", "target_completion": "2055", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel moved to on-site ISFSI in 2017; pool racks removed 2018.", "notable_issue": "Proposed new-build nuclear at the decommissioning site (EnergySolutions/WEC).", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2013-05-07", "event": "Dominion permanently ceased power operations at Kewaunee.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/kewa" }, { "date": "2017", "event": "Dominion completed transfer of spent fuel to the on-site ISFSI.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/kewa" }, { "date": "2022", "event": "EnergySolutions acquired the site and began decommissioning and dismantlement.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-01-21/article-7685/energysolutions-confirms-plans-for-new-nuclear-at-kewaunee/" }, { "date": "2025-05", "event": "EnergySolutions and WEC Energy Group announced plans to explore new nuclear generation at Kewaunee.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-01-21/article-7685/energysolutions-confirms-plans-for-new-nuclear-at-kewaunee/" }, { "date": "2026-01-15", "event": "EnergySolutions filed a notice of intent with the NRC for a new-generation licensing application by June 2028.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-01-21/article-7685/energysolutions-confirms-plans-for-new-nuclear-at-kewaunee/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/kewa", "title": "Kewaunee Power Station", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2026-01-21/article-7685/energysolutions-confirms-plans-for-new-nuclear-at-kewaunee/", "title": "EnergySolutions confirms plans for new nuclear at Kewaunee", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Strategy \"Mixed\": SAFSTOR 2013-2022, then DECON under EnergySolutions. NRC estimated closure 2055 including ISFSI.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:energysolutions" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "kori-1", "name": "Kori Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "KR", "region": "asia", "location": "Gijang, Busan", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Kori 1, South Korea's first commercial reactor (576 MWe PWR, 1978), shut in June 2017 and in June 2025 became the country's first unit approved for dismantling. KHNP plans to move spent fuel to an on-site dry store by 2031 and finish in 2037 at an estimated cost of KRW 1.07 trillion.", "site": "Kori", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 576, "owner": "Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2017-06-18", "decommissioning_start": "2025-06-26", "target_completion": "2037", "cost_estimate": 1071300000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in the pool, to be moved to an on-site dry storage facility due for completion by 2031.", "notable_issue": "No interim or permanent spent-fuel store yet sited in Korea; first full commercial reactor dismantling in the country.", "cost_as_of": "2025-06", "currency": "KRW", "milestones": [ { "date": "1978-04-29", "event": "Kori 1 began commercial operation.", "source": "https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/korea-approves-decommissioning-of-kori-1-its-first-commercial-nuclear-reactor/11946762" }, { "date": "2017-06-18", "event": "Kori 1 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/decommissioning-of-oldest-korean-reactor-approved" }, { "date": "2021-05", "event": "KHNP submitted its final decommissioning plan to the NSSC.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/decommissioning-of-oldest-korean-reactor-approved" }, { "date": "2024-05", "event": "KHNP began preliminary chemical decontamination.", "source": "https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/korea-approves-decommissioning-of-kori-1-its-first-commercial-nuclear-reactor/11946762" }, { "date": "2025-06-26", "event": "The Nuclear Safety and Security Commission approved Kori 1's decommissioning.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/decommissioning-of-oldest-korean-reactor-approved" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/decommissioning-of-oldest-korean-reactor-approved", "title": "Decommissioning of oldest Korean reactor approved", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/korea-approves-decommissioning-of-kori-1-its-first-commercial-nuclear-reactor/11946762", "title": "Korea approves decommissioning of Kori-1, its first commercial nuclear reactor", "publisher": "Korea JoongAng Daily", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20250626008300320", "title": "S. Korea approves decommissioning of Kori-1 nuclear reactor", "publisher": "Yonhap News Agency", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Capacity: WNN cites 576 MWe; JoongAng cites 587 MW (gross). Cost KRW 1.0713tn includes KRW 808.8bn decommissioning + KRW 252.5bn waste disposal.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:khnp" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "kruemmel", "name": "Krümmel Nuclear Power Plant (KKK)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Geesthacht, Schleswig-Holstein", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Krümmel, a 1,346 MWe BWR on the Elbe that last produced power in 2009, finally received its decommissioning and dismantling permit on 20 June 2025 after a ten-year licensing process. Vattenfall has started cutting the reactor internals; the plant has been fuel-free since end-2019.", "site": "Krümmel", "units": [ "KKK" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1346, "owner": "Kernkraftwerk Krümmel GmbH & Co. oHG (operated by Vattenfall)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2011-08-06", "decommissioning_start": "2025-06-20", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel-free since end of 2019; fuel removed to interim storage.", "notable_issue": "About 540,000 t total mass to dismantle; licensing took nearly ten years.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2009", "event": "Krümmel produced electricity for the last time.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2011-08-06", "event": "Krümmel lost its operating licence under the phase-out law.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2015-08-24", "event": "Vattenfall applied for decommissioning and dismantling.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2019-12", "event": "The plant became fuel-free.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" }, { "date": "2025-06-20", "event": "The decommissioning and dismantling permit was granted and work began.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://group.vattenfall.com/de/unser-geschaft/unsere-energiequellen/kernenergie/rueckbau-eines-kernkraftwerk", "title": "Informationen zum Rückbau eines Kernkraftwerks", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Vattenfall operates and holds shares in Krümmel (co-owned with PreussenElektra per Vattenfall's statement that it holds 'Anteile'); exact split not confirmed. Legal shutdown date 2011-08-06 per WNA; last power 2009.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "kuosheng", "name": "Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "TW", "region": "asia", "location": "Wanli, New Taipei", "status": "shut_down", "summary": "Kuosheng's two 985 MWe BWRs were shut in July 2021 and March 2023, the first early because its spent-fuel pool was full. Its decommissioning permit awaits an environmental assessment, while Taiwan's government found in November 2025 that a restart is feasible, though fuel must first be offloaded to storage.", "site": "Kuosheng (Second NPP)", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Taiwan Power Company (Taipower)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2023-03-14", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Full pool forced Unit 1's early shutdown; fuel remains in the reactor and must be moved to dry storage.", "notable_issue": "Restart deemed feasible by the economy ministry; decommissioning permit pending EIA approval.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2021-07", "event": "Kuosheng 1 was permanently shut down early due to lack of spent-fuel pool space.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2023-03-14", "event": "Kuosheng 2 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "The economy ministry approved a Taipower report finding a Kuosheng restart feasible.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan", "title": "Nuclear Power in Taiwan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.neimagazine.com/news/taiwan-clears-path-to-restart-reactors/", "title": "Taiwan clears path to restart reactors", "publisher": "Nuclear Engineering International", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ocac.gov.tw/OCAC/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=329&pid=81782772", "title": "Taipower to submit restart plan for 2 nuclear power plants in March 2026", "publisher": "Overseas Community Affairs Council (Taiwan)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Could move to \"Restart planned\" if Taipower files a Kuosheng restart plan; restarts tracker may cover it. Capacity 985 MWe per unit per NEI.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [ "nuclear-plant-restarts/kuosheng-1", "nuclear-plant-restarts/kuosheng-2" ], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "la-crosse", "name": "La Crosse Boiling Water Reactor (LACBWR)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Genoa, Wisconsin", "status": "license_terminated", "summary": "The small LACBWR demonstration BWR, shut since 1987, was dismantled by EnergySolutions' LaCrosseSolutions after a 2016 license transfer. The NRC approved license termination for the reactor site in February 2023 and returned the remaining ISFSI-only license to owner Dairyland Power in March 2023.", "site": "Genoa Site", "units": [ "LACBWR" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Dairyland Power Cooperative", "decommissioning_contractor": "LaCrosseSolutions (EnergySolutions)", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1987", "decommissioning_start": "2016", "target_completion": "2023", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel transferred to an on-site ISFSI in September 2012.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1987", "event": "LACBWR shut down permanently.", "source": "https://dairylandpower.com/lacbwr-decommissioning-project" }, { "date": "2012-09", "event": "Transfer of used fuel to the on-site ISFSI was completed.", "source": "https://dairylandpower.com/lacbwr-decommissioning-project" }, { "date": "2016", "event": "The license was transferred from Dairyland to LaCrosseSolutions to complete decommissioning.", "source": "https://dairylandpower.com/lacbwr-decommissioning-project" }, { "date": "2023-02-24", "event": "NRC issued its safety evaluation approving license termination (except the ISFSI) and the license transfer.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2307/ML23074A055.pdf" }, { "date": "2023-03-15", "event": "NRC formally transferred the ISFSI-only license back to Dairyland.", "source": "https://dairylandpower.com/lacbwr-decommissioning-project" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://dairylandpower.com/lacbwr-decommissioning-project", "title": "LACBWR Decommissioning Project", "publisher": "Dairyland Power Cooperative", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.energysolutions.com/nuclear-regulatory-commission-nrc-approves-license-termination-and-site-release-for-the-la-crosse-boiling-water-reactor-lacbwr-decommissioning-project/", "title": "NRC Approves License Termination and Site Release for LACBWR", "publisher": "EnergySolutions", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2307/ML23074A055.pdf", "title": "La Crosse Boiling Water Reactor - Decommissioning Funding Status", "publisher": "U.S. NRC (licensee filing)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy \"Mixed\": long SAFSTOR then DECON.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:energysolutions" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "maanshan", "name": "Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "TW", "region": "asia", "location": "Hengchun, Pingtung", "status": "restart_planned", "summary": "Maanshan's two 936 MWe PWRs closed in July 2024 and May 2025, ending nuclear power in Taiwan. After a law change allowing 60-year licences and a non-binding referendum, Taipower filed a restart plan in March 2026 and the Nuclear Safety Commission approved it in September 2026; operation could resume as early as 2028.", "site": "Maanshan (Third NPP)", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Taiwan Power Company (Taipower)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": null, "final_shutdown": "2025-05-17", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "August 2025 restart referendum won a majority but missed the turnout threshold.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2024-07", "event": "Maanshan 1 shut down as its 40-year licence expired.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2025-05-17", "event": "Maanshan 2, Taiwan's last operating reactor, shut down.", "source": "https://www.neimagazine.com/news/taiwan-clears-path-to-restart-reactors/" }, { "date": "2025-08", "event": "A restart referendum won a majority but fell short of the turnout threshold.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2026-03", "event": "Taipower submitted a restart plan and licence renewal application.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" }, { "date": "2026-09", "event": "The Nuclear Safety Commission approved the Maanshan restart plan.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/others/nuclear-power-in-taiwan", "title": "Nuclear Power in Taiwan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.neimagazine.com/news/taiwan-clears-path-to-restart-reactors/", "title": "Taiwan clears path to restart reactors", "publisher": "Nuclear Engineering International", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/taiwan-regulator-completes-review-of-restart-plan", "title": "Taiwan regulator completes review of restart plan", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-10-09/taiwan-restart-nuclear-power-plants-locals-response/107229114", "title": "Taiwan considers returning to nuclear power after decade phasing it out", "publisher": "ABC News (Australia)", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Restart (not decommissioning) — likely also in restarts tracker. A decommissioning plan had been published in 2023 (WNA).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [ "nuclear-plant-restarts/maanshan-1", "nuclear-plant-restarts/maanshan-2" ], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "mihama-1-2", "name": "Mihama Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Mihama, Fukui Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Kansai Electric is decommissioning Mihama 1 and 2, early-1970s PWRs retired in April 2015, over about 30 years. As of June 2026 secondary-system dismantling (since 2018) and removal of equipment around the reactors (since October 2022) were under way; Mihama 3 remains in operation.", "site": "Mihama", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 790, "owner": "Kansai Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2015-04", "decommissioning_start": "2018-03-12", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Kansai has surveyed the site for a possible new reactor.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2015-03", "event": "Kansai decided to decommission Mihama 1 and 2 rather than seek restarts.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kansai-amends-mihama-decommissioning-plans" }, { "date": "2015-04", "event": "Mihama 1 and 2 were officially taken out of service.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kansai-amends-mihama-decommissioning-plans" }, { "date": "2018-03-12", "event": "Dismantling of Mihama 2 secondary-system equipment began.", "source": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9503.T_20260701_2a788a3bf209" }, { "date": "2022-10-24", "event": "Dismantling of reactor peripheral equipment began at both units.", "source": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9503.T_20260701_2a788a3bf209" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kansai-amends-mihama-decommissioning-plans", "title": "Kansai amends Mihama decommissioning plans", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9503.T_20260701_2a788a3bf209", "title": "Kansai Electric Power Nuclear Plant Operations Update (as of June 30, 2026)", "publisher": "Kansai Electric Power IR (via BigGo Finance)", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.neimagazine.com/news/site-survey-for-new-mihama-reactor/", "title": "Site survey for new Mihama reactor", "publisher": "Nuclear Engineering International", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Net capacities 320 + 470 MWe per WNA (WNN cites 340/500 gross).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "millstone-unit-1", "name": "Millstone Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Waterford, Connecticut", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Millstone 1, a 652 MWe GE BWR shut down in 1995, is in SAFSTOR on the site of Dominion's operating Millstone Units 2 and 3. The owner plans to keep it in safe storage until 2048, and the NRC estimates closure in 2056.", "site": "Millstone Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 652, "owner": "Dominion Nuclear Connecticut", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "1995-11-04", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2056", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel moved to the spent fuel pool in November 1995; site holds a general-license ISFSI.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1970-12-28", "event": "Millstone 1 entered commercial operation.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/millstone-unit-1" }, { "date": "1995-11-04", "event": "Unit 1 was shut down.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/millstone-unit-1" }, { "date": "1998-07-21", "event": "The licensee certified permanent cessation of operations to the NRC.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/millstone-unit-1" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/millstone-unit-1", "title": "Millstone - Unit 1", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "SAFSTOR until 2048 per NRC page.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "muehleberg", "name": "Mühleberg Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "CH", "region": "europe", "location": "Mühleberg, Bern", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "BKW shut the Mühleberg BWR on 20 December 2019, the first Swiss power reactor to be decommissioned, and began dismantling on 6 January 2020. All 418 fuel assemblies were moved to the Würenlingen store by September 2023; work costing about CHF 800m should be done in 2031, with the site free for reuse from 2034.", "site": "Mühleberg", "units": [ "KKM" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "BKW Energie AG", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019-12-20", "decommissioning_start": "2020-01-06", "target_completion": "2031", "cost_estimate": 800000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All 418 fuel assemblies at the central Zwilag store in Würenlingen since September 2023.", "notable_issue": null, "cost_as_of": "2026-10", "currency": "CHF", "milestones": [ { "date": "2013-10", "event": "BKW decided to operate Mühleberg until end-2019 and then decommission it.", "source": "https://www.bkw.ch/de/energie/energieproduktion/stilllegung-kernkraftwerk-muehleberg" }, { "date": "2019-12-20", "event": "Power operation permanently ended.", "source": "https://www.bkw.ch/de/energie/energieproduktion/stilllegung-kernkraftwerk-muehleberg" }, { "date": "2020-01-06", "event": "Dismantling began.", "source": "https://www.bkw.ch/de/energie/energieproduktion/stilllegung-kernkraftwerk-muehleberg" }, { "date": "2023-09", "event": "The last fuel assemblies left the site for Würenlingen.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/switzerland" }, { "date": "2024-10", "event": "Cutting and packaging of activated control rods was completed.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/switzerland" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.bkw.ch/de/energie/energieproduktion/stilllegung-kernkraftwerk-muehleberg", "title": "Stilllegung Kernkraftwerk Mühleberg", "publisher": "BKW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/switzerland", "title": "Nuclear Power in Switzerland", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Cost per WNA (page updated 2026-10-09); a further CHF 1.3bn is budgeted for waste disposal, and BKW's decommissioning fund held CHF 930m (date not given, so not recorded).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "muelheim-kaerlich", "name": "Mülheim-Kärlich Nuclear Power Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Mülheim-Kärlich, Rhineland-Palatinate", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Mülheim-Kärlich, a 1,219 MWe PWR near Koblenz, ran for only 13 months before a licensing defect forced its shutdown in 1988. RWE has been dismantling it since 2004; conventional buildings including the cooling tower are gone and the reactor pressure vessel has been dismantled by remote handling since 2022.", "site": "Mülheim-Kärlich", "units": [ "KMK" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1219, "owner": "RWE Nuclear GmbH", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "1988-09-09", "decommissioning_start": "2004-07-16", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel removed by summer 2002.", "notable_issue": "Shut after only 13 months of operation due to formal licensing defects.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1988-09", "event": "The plant was shut down after only 13 months of operation over formal licensing defects.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/" }, { "date": "2002", "event": "The last fuel elements, 99% of the radioactive inventory, were removed.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/" }, { "date": "2004-07-16", "event": "Rhineland-Palatinate approved decommissioning and the first dismantling phase.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/" }, { "date": "2019", "event": "Turbine building, switchgear building and cooling tower demolition was completed (2018/2019).", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/" }, { "date": "2022", "event": "Dismantling of the reactor pressure vessel began, largely by remote handling.", "source": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/countries-and-locations/dismantling-plant-muelheim-kaerlich/", "title": "Dismantling plant Mülheim-Kärlich", "publisher": "RWE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": null, "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "neckarwestheim", "name": "Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant (GKN I and II)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Neckarwestheim, Baden-Württemberg", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "EnBW is dismantling both Neckarwestheim PWRs: GKN I (shut 2011) since 2017, with its reactor pressure vessel fully removed, and GKN II (shut 15 April 2023) since May 2023 under a permit obtained before shutdown. The hybrid cooling tower is being demolished to make way for a large battery storage plant.", "site": "Neckarwestheim", "units": [ "GKN I", "GKN II" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2095, "owner": "EnBW Kernkraft GmbH (EnBW)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2023-04-15", "decommissioning_start": "2017", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "GKN I fuel removed to the on-site interim store; GKN II fuel was still in the pool in April 2025 per BASE.", "notable_issue": "Also hosts the central interim store that received Obrigheim's spent fuel by ship in 2017.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011", "event": "GKN I ended power operation.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/neckarwestheim.html" }, { "date": "2017", "event": "Dismantling of GKN I began, the first of the eight units shut in 2011 to start.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/neckarwestheim.html" }, { "date": "2023-04-15", "event": "GKN II was finally disconnected from the grid.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/investors/news-and-publications/unit-ii-of-the-neckarwestheim-nuclear-power-plant-disconnected.html" }, { "date": "2023-05", "event": "Dismantling of GKN II began.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/neckarwestheim.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/neckarwestheim.html", "title": "Decommissioning at the Neckarwestheim site", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/investors/news-and-publications/unit-ii-of-the-neckarwestheim-nuclear-power-plant-disconnected.html", "title": "Neckarwestheim: Unit II disconnected from electricity grid", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/", "title": "Dismantling of EnBW nuclear power plants", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.base.bund.de/shareddocs/kurzmeldungen/de/2025/rueckbau-akw.html", "title": "Zwei Jahre nach dem Atomausstieg läuft bei allen AKW der Rückbau", "publisher": "BASE (Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/kernkraftwerk-obrigheim-20-jahre-rueckbau-was-nun-100.html", "title": "20 Jahre Abschaltung Kernkraftwerk Obrigheim: Wie es weitergeht", "publisher": "SWR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Net capacities 785 + 1310 MWe per WNA. EnBW expects about €10bn in total to dismantle all five of its units (SWR, April 2025); no per-site split.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "obrigheim", "name": "Obrigheim Nuclear Power Plant (KWO)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Obrigheim, Baden-Württemberg", "status": "site_restoration", "summary": "Obrigheim, West Germany's first commercial PWR (1968-2005), has been dismantled by EnBW since 2008 and nearly all components are gone from the turbine hall and reactor building. Clearance measurements are under way, and EnBW now expects to finish in 2030 after logistics delays.", "site": "Obrigheim", "units": [ "KWO" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 340, "owner": "EnBW Kernkraft GmbH (EnBW)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2005-05-11", "decommissioning_start": "2008", "target_completion": "2030", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "342 spent fuel assemblies shipped by river to the Neckarwestheim interim store in 2017.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1968-10", "event": "KWO began operation as West Germany's first commercially operated PWR.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/obrigheim.html" }, { "date": "2005-05-11", "event": "Obrigheim was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2008", "event": "Decommissioning began.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/obrigheim.html" }, { "date": "2017", "event": "342 spent fuel assemblies were shipped by river to the Neckarwestheim interim store.", "source": "https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/kernkraftwerk-obrigheim-20-jahre-rueckbau-was-nun-100.html" }, { "date": "2025-04", "event": "EnBW said full dismantling would slip to the end of 2030.", "source": "https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/kernkraftwerk-obrigheim-20-jahre-rueckbau-was-nun-100.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/obrigheim.html", "title": "Decommissioning at the Obrigheim site", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/kernkraftwerk-obrigheim-20-jahre-rueckbau-was-nun-100.html", "title": "20 Jahre Abschaltung Kernkraftwerk Obrigheim: Wie es weitergeht", "publisher": "SWR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/", "title": "Dismantling of EnBW nuclear power plants", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Status \"Site restoration\" chosen because nuclear components are almost all removed and clearance surveys are under way; formally still under nuclear regulation.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "ohi-1-2", "name": "Ohi (Oi) Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Ohi, Fukui Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Ohi 1 and 2, two 1,175 MWe ice-condenser PWRs, became in 2017-18 the first post-Fukushima retirements of Japanese reactors over 1,000 MWe. Kansai has been dismantling secondary-system equipment since April 2020 under a plan approved in December 2019.", "site": "Ohi", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Kansai Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2018-03-01", "decommissioning_start": "2020-04-01", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Only Japanese reactors with ice-condenser containment; upgrading the containment walls was deemed uneconomic.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2017-12-22", "event": "Kansai decided not to seek restart of Ohi 1 and 2.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Kansai-applies-to-decommission-Ohi-1-and-2" }, { "date": "2018-03-01", "event": "Kansai applied for approval to decommission the units.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Kansai-applies-to-decommission-Ohi-1-and-2" }, { "date": "2019-12", "event": "The NRA approved the Ohi 1 and 2 decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://www.nucnet.org/news/regulator-approves-plan-to-decommission-ohi-1-and-2-12-3-2019" }, { "date": "2020-04-01", "event": "Dismantling of secondary-system equipment began at both units.", "source": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9503.T_20260701_2a788a3bf209" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Kansai-applies-to-decommission-Ohi-1-and-2", "title": "Kansai applies to decommission Ohi 1 and 2", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nucnet.org/news/regulator-approves-plan-to-decommission-ohi-1-and-2-12-3-2019", "title": "Regulator Approves Plan To Decommission Ohi-1 And -2", "publisher": "NucNet", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://finance.biggo.com/news/ir_9503.T_20260701_2a788a3bf209", "title": "Kansai Electric Power Nuclear Plant Operations Update (as of June 30, 2026)", "publisher": "Kansai Electric Power IR (via BigGo Finance)", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "NucNet: Kansai expects to spend about $1.1bn to dismantle both units (currency-converted figure, so cost estimate not recorded). final shutdown uses the date of the decommissioning application (formal retirement).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "onagawa-1", "name": "Onagawa Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Tohoku Electric decided in October 2018 to scrap Onagawa 1, a 524 MWe BWR from 1984 whose cramped containment made post-Fukushima safety upgrades impractical. Its decommissioning plan, filed with the NRA in August 2019, budgets JPY 41.9 billion, of which JPY 30 billion is for dismantling.", "site": "Onagawa", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Tohoku Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2018", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": 41900000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Closest plant to the 2011 quake epicentre; survived with a turbine-building fire.", "cost_as_of": "2019-08", "currency": "JPY", "milestones": [ { "date": "1984", "event": "Onagawa 1 began operating.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Tohoku-submits-decommissioning-plan-for-Onagawa-1/" }, { "date": "2018-10", "event": "Tohoku announced Onagawa 1 would be decommissioned.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Tohoku-submits-decommissioning-plan-for-Onagawa-1/" }, { "date": "2019-08-02", "event": "Tohoku applied to the NRA for approval of its decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Tohoku-submits-decommissioning-plan-for-Onagawa-1/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Tohoku-submits-decommissioning-plan-for-Onagawa-1/", "title": "Tohoku submits decommissioning plan for Onagawa 1", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "low", "notes": "final shutdown = year of retirement decision. Plan approval and current stage of work not confirmed in the sources reviewed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "oskarshamn-1-2", "name": "Oskarshamn Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "SE", "region": "europe", "location": "Oskarshamn, Kalmar", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "OKG's owners decided in 2015 to close Oskarshamn 1 and 2 early; O2 has been shut since 2016 and O1 since 2017, with Oskarshamn 3 still running. Reactor internals were segmented in 2018-2019, large-scale dismantling started in 2020, and the reactor pressure vessels were fully cut up by February 2025.", "site": "Oskarshamn", "units": [ "O1", "O2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "OKG AB (Uniper)", "decommissioning_contractor": "UNNU consortium (NUKEM/Uniper Nuclear Services)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2017", "decommissioning_start": "2018", "target_completion": "2028", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "No fuel left at O1 and O2 since autumn 2018.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2015", "event": "OKG's owners decided to close O1 and O2 early.", "source": "https://okg.se/en/dismantling-and-demolition/" }, { "date": "2017-12", "event": "O2 was defuelled.", "source": "https://okg.se/en/dismantling-and-demolition/" }, { "date": "2018", "event": "Cutting of O2 reactor internals began.", "source": "https://okg.se/en/dismantling-and-demolition/" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "Large-scale dismantling and demolition of contaminated systems and buildings began.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2025-02-07", "event": "The final reactor pressure vessel dismantling at Oskarshamn was reported complete.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/2025-02-07/article-6748/nukem-and-uns-dismantle-final-rpv-at-swedens-oskarshamn/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://okg.se/en/dismantling-and-demolition/", "title": "Dismantling and demolition", "publisher": "OKG", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/", "title": "Anläggningar under avveckling", "publisher": "Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/2025-02-07/article-6748/nukem-and-uns-dismantle-final-rpv-at-swedens-oskarshamn/", "title": "NUKEM and UNS dismantle final RPV at Sweden's Oskarshamn", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "target 2028 = SSM's ~8-year estimate from 2020.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "site:oskarshamn" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "oyster-creek", "name": "Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Forked River (Lacey Township), New Jersey", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Oyster Creek, the oldest US BWR when it closed in September 2018, is being dismantled by Holtec, which took ownership in July 2019. The NRC approved Holtec's license termination plan in mid-2026, with partial site release (all but the dry-cask pad) scheduled for 2029; Holtec wants to build SMR-300 reactors on the site.", "site": "Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 619, "owner": "Oyster Creek Environmental Protection LLC (Holtec; licensed operator: Holtec Decommissioning International)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Holtec Decommissioning International", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2018-09-17", "decommissioning_start": "2019-07", "target_completion": "2035", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": 335700000, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel moved to the on-site ISFSI by end of May 2021.", "notable_issue": "Holtec plans to reuse the site for SMR-300 small modular reactors once released.", "fund_as_of": "2025-12-31", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2018-09-17", "event": "Exelon permanently shut down Oyster Creek.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/oc" }, { "date": "2019-07-01", "event": "NRC-approved license transfer to Holtec (OCEP/HDI) took effect.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/oc" }, { "date": "2021-05", "event": "All spent fuel was moved to dry storage in the ISFSI.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/oc" }, { "date": "2026-06-10", "event": "NRC issued an environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact on Holtec's license termination plan.", "source": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/06/10/2026-11642/holtec-decommissioning-international-llc-oyster-creek-nuclear-generating-station-environmental" }, { "date": "2026-07-30", "event": "Holtec said the NRC had approved its Oyster Creek license termination plan.", "source": "https://www.exchangemonitor.com/nrc-approves-holtecs-license-termination-plan-for-oyster-creek/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/oc", "title": "Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/oyster-creek/", "title": "Oyster Creek Decommissioning", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/06/10/2026-11642/holtec-decommissioning-international-llc-oyster-creek-nuclear-generating-station-environmental", "title": "Oyster Creek LTP environmental assessment and FONSI", "publisher": "Federal Register / NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.exchangemonitor.com/nrc-approves-holtecs-license-termination-plan-for-oyster-creek/", "title": "NRC approves Holtec's license termination plan for Oyster Creek", "publisher": "ExchangeMonitor", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2608/ML26085A513.pdf", "title": "Oyster Creek, Pilgrim, Indian Point Units 1-3, Palisades and Big Rock Point - Annual decommissioning funding status report (March 2026)", "publisher": "Holtec Decommissioning International / U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Partial site release (except ISFSI) scheduled 2029; license termination by end-2035 per NRC. Capacity 619 MWe per WNA. HDI reports $777m spent 2019-2025 (as-spent) and $237m estimated for 2026.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "palisades", "name": "Palisades Nuclear Plant", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Covert, Michigan", "status": "restart_planned", "summary": "Palisades, an 805 MWe PWR that shut in May 2022 and was bought by Holtec for decommissioning, is instead being restarted. Fuel loading began on 30 August 2026 but paused after a fuel assembly tipped in the vessel; Holtec's power contracts require it in service by March 2027.", "site": "Palisades Nuclear Plant", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 805, "owner": "Holtec Palisades LLC (Holtec International)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": null, "final_shutdown": "2022-05", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel being loaded into reactor vessel for restart (204 assemblies, new and partially used); paused September 2026.", "notable_issue": "Would be the first US reactor returned to service after permanent shutdown; fuel-assembly tipping incident under NRC review.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2022-05", "event": "Entergy permanently shut down Palisades.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities" }, { "date": "2025", "event": "NRC approved the licence transfer and actions enabling a restart.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities" }, { "date": "2026-08-30", "event": "Palisades entered Mode 6 and began loading fuel into the reactor vessel.", "source": "https://holtecinternational.com/hh-47-17/" }, { "date": "2026-09-21", "event": "Holtec disclosed that a fuel assembly had tilted during loading and that loading was paused pending a license amendment.", "source": "https://holtecinternational.com/hh-41-22/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/hh-47-17/", "title": "Palisades Begins the Process for Loading Fuel in its Reactor Vessel", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/hh-41-22/", "title": "Progress Report on Palisades' March to Startup", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.freep.com/story/news/environment/2026/09/26/palisades-nuclear-holtec-nrc/91934961007/", "title": "Nuclear regulators probe fuel assembly installation mishap at Palisades", "publisher": "Detroit Free Press", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.energy.gov/edf/palisades", "title": "Palisades", "publisher": "U.S. Department of Energy", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0002104277/000119312526384287/d40440ds1a.htm", "title": "Holtec Nuclear Corp Form S-1/A (2026)", "publisher": "U.S. SEC / Holtec", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Restart, not decommissioning: covered in the restarts tracker under the same slug. Holtec also plans two SMR-300 units (Pioneer 1 & 2) at the site.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:holtec", "site:palisades" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "peach-bottom-unit-1", "name": "Peach Bottom Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Delta, Pennsylvania", "status": "safstor", "summary": "Peach Bottom 1 was a 200 MWt high-temperature gas-cooled prototype that ran from 1967 to 1974. It has been in SAFSTOR since 1978 with fuel removed to Idaho, and final decommissioning is deferred until operating Units 2 and 3 shut; the NRC estimates closure in 2074.", "site": "Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "HTGR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Constellation Energy Generation", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "1974-10-31", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2074", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel shipped to a DOE facility in Idaho; pool drained and decontaminated.", "notable_issue": "NRC exemption allows completion beyond 60 years of shutdown.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1967-06", "event": "Peach Bottom 1 began operating.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station-unit" }, { "date": "1974-10-31", "event": "The reactor shut down for the final time.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station-unit" }, { "date": "1978-02", "event": "Decommissioning activities placing it in SAFSTOR were completed.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station-unit" }, { "date": "2023", "event": "The licensee requested an alternative schedule to finish decommissioning beyond 60 years.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station-unit" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station-unit", "title": "Peach Bottom - Unit 1", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": null, "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "philippsburg", "name": "Philippsburg Nuclear Power Plant (KKP 1 and 2)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Philippsburg, Baden-Württemberg", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "EnBW is dismantling the Philippsburg site on a Rhine island: BWR Unit 1 (shut 2011) since 2017 and PWR Unit 2 (shut end-2019) since 2020. Unit 1's reactor vessel has been removed and its containment shell is being cut up; all spent fuel is in the on-site interim store.", "site": "Philippsburg", "units": [ "KKP 1", "KKP 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR", "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2292, "owner": "EnBW Kernkraft GmbH (EnBW)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019-12-31", "decommissioning_start": "2017", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel from both units in CASTOR casks at the state-run on-site interim store (KKP 2 since April 2023).", "notable_issue": "KKP 2 was the first German plant to hold a dismantling permit before final shutdown.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011", "event": "Unit 1 ended power operation.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/philippsburg.html" }, { "date": "2017", "event": "Dismantling of Unit 1 began.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/philippsburg.html" }, { "date": "2019-12-31", "event": "Unit 2 permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "Dismantling of Unit 2 began.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/philippsburg.html" }, { "date": "2023-04", "event": "All spent fuel from Unit 2 was in the on-site interim storage facility.", "source": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/philippsburg.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/philippsburg.html", "title": "Decommissioning at the Philippsburg site", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enbw.com/company/topics/nuclear-decommissioning/", "title": "Dismantling of EnBW nuclear power plants", "publisher": "EnBW", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Net capacities 890 + 1402 MWe per WNA.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "pilgrim", "name": "Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Plymouth, Massachusetts", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Holtec is dismantling the single-unit Pilgrim BWR on Cape Cod Bay, which shut down in May 2019 and was bought by Holtec that August. All fuel is in dry storage, but cleanup is held up by a fight over about 1 million gallons of treated wastewater, which Massachusetts again refused to allow into the bay in September 2026.", "site": "Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Holtec Pilgrim LLC (licensed operator: Holtec Decommissioning International)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Holtec Decommissioning International", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019-05-31", "decommissioning_start": "2019-08", "target_completion": "2034", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": 465900000, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel and GTCC waste in dry storage at the ISFSI-II pad since the end of 2021.", "notable_issue": "MassDEP denied, and in September 2026 upheld its denial of, Holtec's request to discharge up to 1.1 million gallons of treated wastewater into Cape Cod Bay; Holtec is evaporating it instead.", "fund_as_of": "2025-12-31", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2019-05-31", "event": "Entergy permanently shut down Pilgrim after more than 46 years of operation.", "source": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/pilgrim/" }, { "date": "2019-08", "event": "Holtec International purchased the station for accelerated decommissioning.", "source": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/pilgrim/" }, { "date": "2020-07", "event": "HDI completed Phase I of its spent fuel transfer campaign, loading 11 casks.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/pilg" }, { "date": "2021-12", "event": "All Pilgrim spent fuel and GTCC waste was stored on the new ISFSI-II pad.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/pilg" }, { "date": "2026-09-15", "event": "MassDEP dismissed Holtec's appeal and upheld its denial of a Cape Cod Bay wastewater discharge.", "source": "https://www.wbur.org/news/2026/09/15/state-will-not-allow-disposal-of-radioactive-water-in-cape-cod-bay" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/reactors/pilg", "title": "Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://holtecinternational.com/company/divisions/hdi/our-fleet/pilgrim/", "title": "Pilgrim Decommissioning", "publisher": "Holtec International", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.wbur.org/news/2026/09/15/state-will-not-allow-disposal-of-radioactive-water-in-cape-cod-bay", "title": "State will not allow disposal of radioactive water in Cape Cod Bay", "publisher": "WBUR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.vermontpublic.org/2026-09-16/pilgrim-nuclear-plant-loses-appeal-on-releasing-radioactive-water-whats-the-next-move", "title": "Pilgrim nuclear plant loses appeal on releasing radioactive water", "publisher": "Vermont Public / NEPM", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0002104277/000119312526384287/d40440ds1a.htm", "title": "Holtec Nuclear Corp Form S-1/A (2026)", "publisher": "U.S. SEC / Holtec", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2608/ML26085A513.pdf", "title": "Oyster Creek, Pilgrim, Indian Point Units 1-3, Palisades and Big Rock Point - Annual decommissioning funding status report (March 2026)", "publisher": "Holtec Decommissioning International / U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "target completion 2034 = Holtec's scheduled end of site decontamination per WBUR/NEPM reporting; the NRC page lists 'estimated date for closure' as 2063 (full license termination incl. ISFSI). Holtec has an SEC-disclosed obligation to keep at least $193.3m (2019 $) in the Pilgrim NDT at partial site release. HDI reports $801m spent 2019-2025 (as-spent).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "rancho-seco", "name": "Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Herald, California", "status": "license_terminated", "summary": "SMUD's Rancho Seco PWR was closed by a 1989 voter initiative; most of the site was released for unrestricted use in 2006 and the NRC terminated the reactor license (DPR-54) in August 2018. Spent fuel and some waste stay in the site's dry-storage ISFSI.", "site": "Rancho Seco", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Sacramento Municipal Utility District", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1989", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2018", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel and GTCC waste in the on-site NUHOMS ISFSI (site-specific license).", "notable_issue": "First US nuclear plant closed by public vote (1989).", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1989", "event": "A voter initiative shut down the plant.", "source": "https://www.power-eng.com/nuclear/rancho-seco-nuclear-power-plant-ends-decommissioning/" }, { "date": "2006-10-23", "event": "SMUD completed decommissioning of the bulk of the site, and the NRC released it for unrestricted use.", "source": "https://www.power-eng.com/nuclear/rancho-seco-nuclear-power-plant-ends-decommissioning/" }, { "date": "2018-08-31", "event": "NRC terminated Operating License DPR-54.", "source": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/09/11/2018-19602/sacramento-municipal-utility-district-rancho-seco-nuclear-generating-station" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/09/11/2018-19602/sacramento-municipal-utility-district-rancho-seco-nuclear-generating-station", "title": "Sacramento Municipal Utility District; Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station (license termination)", "publisher": "Federal Register / NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.power-eng.com/nuclear/rancho-seco-nuclear-power-plant-ends-decommissioning/", "title": "Rancho Seco nuclear power plant ends decommissioning", "publisher": "Power Engineering", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Strategy \"Mixed\": SAFSTOR followed by DECON (per LTP).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "ringhals-1-2", "name": "Ringhals Units 1 and 2", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "SE", "region": "europe", "location": "Varberg, Halland", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Ringhals 2 (end-2019) and Ringhals 1 (end-2020) were closed early by owners Vattenfall and Uniper after a 2015 economic decision, while Ringhals 3 and 4 continue to run. Radiological dismantling started around 2022-23 with Westinghouse segmenting the vessels and internals, and is planned to last almost a decade, generating about 340,000 t of waste.", "site": "Ringhals", "units": [ "R1", "R2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "BWR", "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Ringhals AB (Vattenfall)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Westinghouse (reactor components)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2020-12", "decommissioning_start": "2022", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "5-10% of 340,000 t of demolition waste expected to be radioactive.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2015", "event": "Ringhals AB's owners decided to close R1 and R2 early.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2019-12", "event": "Ringhals 2 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2020-12", "event": "Ringhals 1 was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/" }, { "date": "2021", "event": "Vattenfall signed with Westinghouse to dismantle the radioactive components.", "source": "https://group.vattenfall.com/press-and-media/pressreleases/2021/vattenfall-signs-decommissioning-agreement-for-radioactive-components-at-ringhals-1-and-ringhals-2/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/omraden/karnkraft/avveckling-av-karntekniska-anlaggningar-i-sverige/anlaggningar-under-avveckling/", "title": "Anläggningar under avveckling", "publisher": "Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://group.vattenfall.com/press-and-media/pressreleases/2021/vattenfall-signs-decommissioning-agreement-for-radioactive-components-at-ringhals-1-and-ringhals-2/", "title": "Vattenfall signs decommissioning agreement for radioactive components at Ringhals 1 and Ringhals 2", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://group.vattenfall.com/our-operations/our-energy-sources/nuclear-power/", "title": "Nuclear power - Vattenfall", "publisher": "Vattenfall", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "R1 is a BWR and R2 a PWR (general knowledge). Owner split not confirmed in the sources reviewed. Recent (2025-26) progress not found.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:westinghouse", "site:ringhals" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "san-onofre", "name": "San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (Units 1-3)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "San Clemente, California", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Southern California Edison is dismantling San Onofre Units 2 and 3 (and finishing Unit 1) under the DECON method, with all spent fuel already in on-site dry storage since 2020. As of November 2025, 47 of 62 site structures had been demolished and SCE planned to start removing the twin containment domes in late 2026.", "site": "San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2", "Unit 3" ], "unit_count": 3, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Southern California Edison", "decommissioning_contractor": "SONGS Decommissioning Solutions (EnergySolutions/AECOM JV)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2013-06", "decommissioning_start": "2020", "target_completion": "2028", "cost_estimate": 4410000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All spent fuel transferred to the on-site ISFSI (Holtec UMAX / NUHOMS) by August 2020; NRC lists ISFSI closure in 2051 pending DOE pickup.", "notable_issue": "2018 cask-loading misalignment incident triggered NRC special inspection; spent fuel stranded on a seaside bluff pending federal disposal.", "cost_as_of": "2026-03", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2013-06-07", "event": "SCE announced the permanent retirement of Units 2 and 3 after replacement steam generator failures.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/about-decommissioning/decommissioning-timeline" }, { "date": "2018-01", "event": "Transfer of spent fuel from wet to dry storage began.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/about-decommissioning/decommissioning-timeline" }, { "date": "2020-08", "event": "All spent fuel was placed in dry storage and the site moved to an ISFSI-only license.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/about-decommissioning/decommissioning-timeline" }, { "date": "2021-03", "event": "Building demolition began; 26 structures were demolished by year end.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/about-decommissioning/decommissioning-timeline" }, { "date": "2025-11-06", "event": "SCE reported 47 of 62 site structures demolished and preparations to remove the containment domes starting in late 2026.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/news/releases/songs-dismantlement-update-to-be-presented-by-sces-site-operations-general-manager-at-the-nov-13-community-engagement-panel-meeting" }, { "date": "2026-08-18", "event": "SCE announced a Community Engagement Panel meeting with the US DOE on offsite disposition of the stored used fuel.", "source": "https://www.songscommunity.com/news/releases/offsite-disposition-of-used-nuclear-fuel-among-topics-u-s-department-of-energy-to-address-at-songs-community-engagement-panel-meeting" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/san-onofre-units-2-3", "title": "San Onofre - Units 2 and 3", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.songscommunity.com/about-decommissioning/decommissioning-timeline", "title": "SONGS Decommissioning Timeline", "publisher": "Southern California Edison", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.songscommunity.com/news/releases/songs-dismantlement-update-to-be-presented-by-sces-site-operations-general-manager-at-the-nov-13-community-engagement-panel-meeting", "title": "SONGS Dismantlement Update to be presented ... Nov. 13 Community Engagement Panel Meeting", "publisher": "Southern California Edison", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/demolition-of-iconic-containment-domes-at-san-onofre-to-start-next-year/3940282/", "title": "Demolition of Iconic Containment Domes at San Onofre to Start Next Year", "publisher": "NBC 7 San Diego", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.songscommunity.com/news/releases/offsite-disposition-of-used-nuclear-fuel-among-topics-u-s-department-of-energy-to-address-at-songs-community-engagement-panel-meeting", "title": "Offsite Disposition of Used Nuclear Fuel Among Topics DOE to Address at SONGS CEP Meeting", "publisher": "Southern California Edison", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "NRC estimated closure: 2028 for unrestricted-use demonstration, ISFSI 2051; NRC says Unit 1 closure 2032. Cost: CPUC-approved $4.41bn per WNA (page updated 2026-03); NBC 7 (Dec 2025) cites a $4.7bn project. Trust fund about $3.37bn per WNA but no as-of date, so not recorded.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "garona", "name": "Santa María de Garoña", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "ES", "region": "europe", "location": "Valle de Tobalina, Burgos", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Garoña, a 446 MWe BWR from 1971, disconnected in December 2012 and never restarted. Ownership passed to state agency Enresa in July 2023, which is dismantling it in two phases (2023-2026 turbine building and fuel transfer; 2027-2033 radiological buildings) on a €475m budget excluding spent fuel.", "site": "Santa María de Garoña", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 446, "owner": "Enresa", "decommissioning_contractor": "Enresa", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2012-12", "decommissioning_start": "2023-07", "target_completion": "2033", "cost_estimate": 475000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel being moved from the pool to on-site dry storage during Phase 1.", "notable_issue": "Phase 2 requires a separate authorisation.", "cost_as_of": "2023-07", "currency": "EUR", "milestones": [ { "date": "1971", "event": "Garoña entered operation.", "source": "https://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/panorama/el-gobierno-autoriza-el-desmantelamiento-de-la-20230717" }, { "date": "2012-12", "event": "Nuclenor disconnected Garoña from the grid.", "source": "https://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/panorama/el-gobierno-autoriza-el-desmantelamiento-de-la-20230717" }, { "date": "2023-05", "event": "Spain's CSN issued a favourable report on the dismantling project.", "source": "https://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/panorama/el-gobierno-autoriza-el-desmantelamiento-de-la-20230717" }, { "date": "2023-07-13", "event": "The ministry authorised dismantling and transfer of ownership to Enresa.", "source": "https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2023-16551" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/panorama/el-gobierno-autoriza-el-desmantelamiento-de-la-20230717", "title": "El Gobierno autoriza el desmantelamiento de la central nuclear de Garoña", "publisher": "Renewable Energy Magazine", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2023-16551", "title": "Orden TED/796/2023, de 13 de julio (Garoña dismantling authorisation)", "publisher": "Boletín Oficial del Estado", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/spain", "title": "Nuclear Power in Spain", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.enresa.es/eng/esp/enresa-informa-de-los-avances-de-la-fase-1-del-desmantelamiento-de-garona-en-el-comite-de-informacion-de-la-central-2/", "title": "Enresa informa de los avances de la fase 1 del desmantelamiento de Garoña", "publisher": "Enresa", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Net capacity 446 MWe per WNA (466 MW installed per REM).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "sellafield", "name": "Sellafield (incl. Calder Hall)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Seascale, Cumbria, England", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Sellafield is Britain's largest and most hazardous nuclear clean-up, covering the Calder Hall Magnox reactors (the world's first industrial-scale grid-connected nuclear station, 1956-2003) alongside legacy reprocessing plants, ponds and silos. The NDA expects clean-up to run until 2125 at an undiscounted cost of £136bn; Calder Hall was defueled in 2019 and its reactors are in care and maintenance.", "site": "Sellafield", "units": [ "Calder Hall 1", "Calder Hall 2", "Calder Hall 3", "Calder Hall 4" ], "unit_count": 4, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 200, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Sellafield Ltd)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Sellafield Ltd", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "2003-03-31", "decommissioning_start": "2003", "target_completion": "2125", "cost_estimate": 136000000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Calder Hall defueled by September 2019 (38,953 fuel rods sent for Magnox reprocessing); site stores much of the UK's spent fuel and plutonium.", "notable_issue": "Public Accounts Committee criticises repeated cost overruns and delays on major Sellafield projects; cost estimate up 18.8% since 2019.", "cost_as_of": "2025-06-04", "currency": "GBP", "milestones": [ { "date": "1956-10-17", "event": "Calder Hall was opened as the world's first industrial-scale nuclear power station connected to a national grid.", "source": "https://nda.blog.gov.uk/decommissioning-the-worlds-first-commercial-nuclear-power-station/" }, { "date": "2003-03-31", "event": "Calder Hall closed after 47 years of operation.", "source": "https://nda.blog.gov.uk/decommissioning-the-worlds-first-commercial-nuclear-power-station/" }, { "date": "2007-09", "event": "Calder Hall's four cooling towers were demolished.", "source": "https://nda.blog.gov.uk/decommissioning-the-worlds-first-commercial-nuclear-power-station/" }, { "date": "2011", "event": "Defueling of Calder Hall's reactors began.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/sellafield-completes-defueling-of-calder-hall" }, { "date": "2019-09-03", "event": "Sellafield Ltd completed defueling of Calder Hall; the reactor buildings entered care and maintenance.", "source": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/sellafield-completes-defueling-of-calder-hall" }, { "date": "2025-06-04", "event": "Parliament's Public Accounts Committee reported the Sellafield clean-up would cost £136bn and last until 2125.", "source": "https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5901/cmselect/cmpubacc/363/report.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5901/cmselect/cmpubacc/363/report.html", "title": "Decommissioning Sellafield (Public Accounts Committee report)", "publisher": "UK House of Commons Public Accounts Committee", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nda.blog.gov.uk/decommissioning-the-worlds-first-commercial-nuclear-power-station/", "title": "Decommissioning the world's first commercial nuclear power station", "publisher": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/sellafield-completes-defueling-of-calder-hall", "title": "Sellafield completes defueling of Calder Hall", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-t-z/united-kingdom", "title": "Nuclear Power in the United Kingdom", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Scope is the whole Sellafield site clean-up (reactors are a small part). Cost is undiscounted and covers all Sellafield decommissioning, not just Calder Hall. Calder Hall 4 x 50 MWe net per WNN. PAC report published 4 June 2025.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "shimane-1", "name": "Shimane Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Matsue, Shimane Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Shimane 1, Japan's first domestically built nuclear unit (460 MWe BWR, 1974), was retired in April 2015 and is being decommissioned by Chugoku Electric in four stages. The plan targets completion by March 2046; Unit 2 on the same site restarted in 2025.", "site": "Shimane", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 429, "owner": "Chugoku Electric Power", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2015-04", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": "2046", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Fuel to be removed during Stage 1 (~6 years).", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1974-03", "event": "Shimane 1 began commercial operation.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Decommissioning-plan-submitted-for-Shimane-1" }, { "date": "2015-03-18", "event": "Chugoku decided to decommission Shimane 1.", "source": "https://inis.iaea.org/records/axrww-4my28" }, { "date": "2016-05-06", "event": "Chugoku submitted its four-stage decommissioning plan to the NRA.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Decommissioning-plan-submitted-for-Shimane-1" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Decommissioning-plan-submitted-for-Shimane-1", "title": "Decommissioning plan submitted for Shimane 1", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://inis.iaea.org/records/axrww-4my28", "title": "Status of decommissioning of Unit 1 at Shimane Nuclear Power Station", "publisher": "IAEA INIS", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.hitachi.com/products/energy/portal/highlights/case_038.html", "title": "FIELD REPORT Chugoku Electric Power's Shimane Nuclear Power Station", "publisher": "Hitachi", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Net capacity 429 MWe per WNA (460 MWe gross per WNN).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:chugoku-electric", "site:shimane" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "stade", "name": "Stade Nuclear Power Plant (KKS)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Stade, Lower Saxony", "status": "site_restoration", "summary": "Stade, Germany's first purely commercial nuclear plant (1972-2003), was the first closed under the phase-out deal and has been in dismantling since 2005. Nuclear dismantling is complete and conventional demolition is in its final phase, with the exhaust stack blown up in September 2026.", "site": "Stade", "units": [ "KKS" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 640, "owner": "PreussenElektra (E.ON)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2003-11-14", "decommissioning_start": "2005", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "All fuel removed for reprocessing during post-operation.", "notable_issue": "Dismantling has cost over €1bn, per NDR.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2003-11-14", "event": "Stade was permanently shut down.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany" }, { "date": "2005", "event": "Dismantling of the nuclear plant began.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkstade.html" }, { "date": "2023", "event": "With nuclear dismantling complete, conventional demolition of remaining buildings began.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkstade.html" }, { "date": "2026", "event": "The final phase of reactor-building demolition began in spring 2026.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkstade.html" }, { "date": "2026-09-04", "event": "The exhaust stack was due to be demolished by controlled blast.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkstade.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkstade.html", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Stade", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/niedersachsen/lueneburg_heide_unterelbe/sprengung-im-video-der-kamin-des-akw-stade-ist-gefallen,atomkraftwerk-134.html", "title": "Sprengung im Video: Der Kamin des AKW Stade ist gefallen", "publisher": "NDR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Release from nuclear regulation (Entlassung) not yet confirmed in sources. NDR: dismantling a plant like Stade costs over €1bn (no exact figure, so cost not recorded).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "three-mile-island-unit-2", "name": "Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Middletown (Londonderry Township), Pennsylvania", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "TMI-2, the reactor damaged in the 1979 partial meltdown, is being decommissioned by TMI-2 Solutions, an EnergySolutions subsidiary that took the license in December 2020. Work is removing the remaining ~1% of core debris before conventional dismantling; an amended PSDAR was filed in October 2025.", "site": "Three Mile Island Unit 2", "units": [ "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "TMI-2 Solutions LLC (EnergySolutions)", "decommissioning_contractor": "EnergySolutions", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "1979-03-28", "decommissioning_start": "2020-12", "target_completion": "2038", "cost_estimate": 1060000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "About 99% of fuel and core debris removed to Idaho National Laboratory; residual debris (<1,125 kg) to be packaged and stored at an on-site ISFSI.", "notable_issue": "Site of the 1979 accident; residual core debris must be retrieved before dismantling. TMI-1 next door is being restarted as the Crane Clean Energy Center.", "cost_as_of": "2019", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "1979-03-28", "event": "TMI-2 suffered an accident that severely damaged the reactor core.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/three-mile-island-unit-2" }, { "date": "1993", "event": "Initial cleanup finished and the plant entered post-defueling monitored storage.", "source": "https://www.tmi2solutions.com/faq" }, { "date": "2020-12-18", "event": "NRC-approved license transfer from FirstEnergy to TMI-2 Solutions took effect.", "source": "https://www.tmi2solutions.com/faq" }, { "date": "2025-10-27", "event": "TMI-2 Solutions submitted an amended Post-Shutdown Decommissioning Activities Report to the NRC.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/three-mile-island-unit-2" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/three-mile-island-unit-2", "title": "Three Mile Island - Unit 2", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.tmi2solutions.com/faq", "title": "FAQ | TMI-2 Solutions", "publisher": "TMI-2 Solutions (EnergySolutions)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "NRC lists estimated closure 2052 (license incl. ISFSI); TMI-2 Solutions targets decommissioning completion in 2038. Cost $1.06bn in 2019 dollars.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [ "nuclear-plant-restarts/crane-clean-energy-center" ], "entity_ids": [ "org:energysolutions", "org:tmi-2solutions", "site:three-mile-island", "unit:three-mile-island-2" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "tihange", "name": "Tihange Nuclear Power Plant (Units 1-2)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "BE", "region": "europe", "location": "Huy, Liège", "status": "shut_down", "summary": "Tihange 1, one of Belgium's first reactors, was disconnected on 30 September 2025 after 50 years, following Tihange 2's closure in January 2023; Tihange 3 continues to operate. Decommissioning is on hold while the Belgian government negotiates to take over ENGIE's nuclear business.", "site": "Tihange", "units": [ "Tihange 1", "Tihange 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "ENGIE Electrabel", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2025-09-30", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Dismantling suspended during state-takeover negotiations.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1975", "event": "Tihange 1 was commissioned.", "source": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy" }, { "date": "2023-01-31", "event": "Tihange 2 stopped production.", "source": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy" }, { "date": "2025-09-30", "event": "Tihange 1 was permanently disconnected from the grid after 50 years.", "source": "https://nuclear.engie-electrabel.be/en/nuclear-energy/shutdown-our-nuclear-power-plants/shutdown-tihange-1" }, { "date": "2026-05", "event": "Belgium and ENGIE began negotiations on a state takeover, suspending decommissioning.", "source": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://nuclear.engie-electrabel.be/en/nuclear-energy/shutdown-our-nuclear-power-plants/shutdown-tihange-1", "title": "Shutdown of Tihange 1", "publisher": "ENGIE Electrabel", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/tihange-1-taken-offline-for-decommissioning", "title": "Belgium's Tihange 1 nuclear reactor ends 50 years of service", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ans.org/news/article-8006/belgium-in-talks-to-acquire-countrys-nuclear-power-facilities/", "title": "Belgium in talks to acquire country's nuclear power facilities", "publisher": "ANS Nuclear Newswire", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/belgian-government-in-talks-to-take-over-nuclear-power-plants", "title": "Belgian government in talks to take over nuclear power plants", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://corporate.engie.be/en/energy/nuclear-energy", "title": "Nuclear energy | ENGIE Belgium", "publisher": "ENGIE", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "ANS says Tihange 1 shut in October 2025; ENGIE says 30 September 2025 (used).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:engie-electrabel" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "tokai-1", "name": "Tokai Power Station (Tokai-1)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Tokai, Ibaraki Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Tokai-1, Japan's first commercial reactor (a 160 MWe UK-designed Magnox), ran until 1998 and has been in decommissioning since 2001. Reactor dismantling has been repeatedly delayed, partly over graphite disposal; completion is now expected around 2030, and JAPC signed a graphite-decommissioning cooperation deal with Italy's Sogin in April 2026.", "site": "Tokai", "units": [ "Tokai-1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox (GCR)" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Japan Atomic Power Company (JAPC)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1998", "decommissioning_start": "2001-12", "target_completion": "2030", "cost_estimate": 93000000000, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Disposal route for irradiated graphite is the key bottleneck.", "cost_as_of": "2026-03", "currency": "JPY", "milestones": [ { "date": "1998", "event": "Tokai-1 ended operation after 32 years.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities" }, { "date": "2001-12", "event": "JAPC launched decommissioning after notifying its decommissioning plan.", "source": "https://inis.iaea.org/records/wyxbs-fy470" }, { "date": "2026-04-15", "event": "JAPC and Sogin signed a memorandum on decommissioning graphite-moderated reactors.", "source": "https://www.sogin.it/en/media/news/agreement-between-sogin-and-japc-on-the-decommissioning-of-graphite-moderated-nuclear-reactors.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://inis.iaea.org/records/wyxbs-fy470", "title": "Tokai-1 decommissioning project", "publisher": "IAEA INIS", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.sogin.it/en/media/news/agreement-between-sogin-and-japc-on-the-decommissioning-of-graphite-moderated-nuclear-reactors.html", "title": "Agreement between Sogin and JAPC on the decommissioning of graphite-moderated nuclear reactors", "publisher": "Sogin", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.industrialinfo.com/news/article/japc-delays-tokai-nuclear-power-plant-decommissioning-another-five-years--240141", "title": "JAPC Delays Tokai Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Another Five Years", "publisher": "Industrial Info Resources", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Cost JPY 93bn total (35bn dismantling + 58bn waste treatment) per WNA (page updated 2026-03). Strategy mixed: safe storage of reactor before deferred dismantling.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "trawsfynydd", "name": "Trawsfynydd (Magnox)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Gwynedd (Snowdonia National Park), Wales", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Trawsfynydd, the UK's only inland Magnox station (392 MWe), closed in 1991 and is the NDA's 'lead and learn' site for accelerated Magnox reactor decommissioning. All intermediate-level waste was retrieved by March 2026, and in October 2026 contractor Costain took over the reactor buildings to cut them from 54 m to about 25 m.", "site": "Trawsfynydd", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 392, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Costain (reactor height reduction)", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1991", "decommissioning_start": "1995", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Defueling completed by 1997.", "notable_issue": "Four-year reactor building height-reduction programme in a national park.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1965", "event": "Trawsfynydd began operation.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/contract-for-reduction-of-trawsfynydd-reactor-buildings" }, { "date": "1991", "event": "The station was retired.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/contract-for-reduction-of-trawsfynydd-reactor-buildings" }, { "date": "1997", "event": "Defueling was completed.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/contract-for-reduction-of-trawsfynydd-reactor-buildings" }, { "date": "2020-07", "event": "The NDA named Trawsfynydd the 'lead and learn' site for accelerated Magnox decommissioning.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/contract-for-reduction-of-trawsfynydd-reactor-buildings" }, { "date": "2026-03", "event": "The final of almost 2,300 intermediate-level waste packages was placed in interim storage.", "source": "https://nrsssg.com/site/trawsfynydd/" }, { "date": "2026-10-08", "event": "NRS handed the reactor buildings area to Costain to begin height reduction.", "source": "https://www.niauk.org/trawsfynydd-takes-next-step-towards-reactor-height-reduction/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/contract-for-reduction-of-trawsfynydd-reactor-buildings", "title": "Costain to reduce height of Trawsfynydd reactor buildings", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site/trawsfynydd/", "title": "Trawsfynydd site", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.niauk.org/trawsfynydd-takes-next-step-towards-reactor-height-reduction/", "title": "Trawsfynydd takes next step towards Reactor Height Reduction", "publisher": "Nuclear Industry Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites", "title": "ONR introduces new regulatory approach for former Magnox nuclear sites", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy mixed: early safestore-style approach being replaced by continuous/accelerated reactor dismantling.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "tsuruga-1", "name": "Tsuruga Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "JP", "region": "asia", "location": "Tsuruga, Fukui Prefecture", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Tsuruga 1, a 341 MWe BWR that began commercial operation in 1970 as one of Japan's first, ended operation on 27 April 2015 and has been in decommissioning since May 2017. Its sister Unit 2 was refused a restart by the regulator in 2024 over an active fault.", "site": "Tsuruga", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 341, "owner": "Japan Atomic Power Company (JAPC)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2015-04-27", "decommissioning_start": "2017-05-15", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1970-03-14", "event": "Tsuruga 1 began commercial operation.", "source": "https://www.japc.co.jp/english/corp_data/an_overview.html" }, { "date": "2015-04-27", "event": "Operation of Tsuruga 1 was terminated.", "source": "https://www.japc.co.jp/english/corp_data/an_overview.html" }, { "date": "2017-05-15", "event": "Decommissioning of Tsuruga 1 started.", "source": "https://www.japc.co.jp/english/corp_data/an_overview.html" }, { "date": "2024-07-26", "event": "A Japanese regulator panel decided against restarting neighbouring Tsuruga 2.", "source": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/japans-nuclear-authority-make-key-ruling-fukui-plant-restart-nhk-says-2024-07-26/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.japc.co.jp/english/corp_data/an_overview.html", "title": "An Overview | The Japan Atomic Power Company", "publisher": "Japan Atomic Power Company", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-power", "title": "Nuclear Power in Japan", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/japans-nuclear-authority-make-key-ruling-fukui-plant-restart-nhk-says-2024-07-26/", "title": "Japan nuclear watchdog panel decides against restarting Tsuruga reactor", "publisher": "Reuters", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Capacity 341 MWe per WNA. Commercial-operation date (14 Mar 1970) read from JAPC timeline layout — medium confidence.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "unterweser", "name": "Unterweser Nuclear Power Plant (KKU)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "DE", "region": "europe", "location": "Stadland, Lower Saxony", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Unterweser, a single 1,345 MWe PWR that once held the world record for lifetime output from a single unit, was shut in March 2011. PreussenElektra has been dismantling it since February 2018, cut up the reactor vessel from 2022 and began removing the four steam generators in May 2025.", "site": "Unterweser", "units": [ "KKU" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 1345, "owner": "PreussenElektra (E.ON)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2011-08-06", "decommissioning_start": "2018-02", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "About 675,000 tonnes of demolition material to manage.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011-03", "event": "Unterweser was shut down along with seven other German plants.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkunterweser.html" }, { "date": "2018-02", "event": "Nuclear dismantling began with the granting of the decommissioning and dismantling permit.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkunterweser.html" }, { "date": "2022-08", "event": "The 400-tonne reactor pressure vessel was lifted out for segmentation.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkunterweser.html" }, { "date": "2025-05", "event": "Removal of the four ~300-tonne steam generators began.", "source": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkunterweser.html" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.preussenelektra.de/de/das-sind-wir/unsere-kraftwerke/kraftwerkunterweser.html", "title": "Kernkraftwerk Unterweser", "publisher": "PreussenElektra", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany", "title": "Nuclear Power in Germany", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/sendungen/die_nordreportage/Ein-Atomkraftwerk-zurueckbauen,sendung760716.html", "title": "Wie geht das? Ein Atomkraftwerk zurückbauen", "publisher": "NDR", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "675,000 t figure from NDR. Legal shutdown date 2011-08-06 per WNA (operation ended March 2011).", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "vermont-yankee", "name": "Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Vernon, Vermont", "status": "site_restoration", "summary": "NorthStar Group Services says physical demolition of the Vermont Yankee BWR is about 99% complete, years ahead of its 2030 commitment, after buying the plant from Entergy in 2019. Remaining work is backfill, riverbank restoration and the NRC partial-site-release review; spent fuel stays in on-site casks.", "site": "Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "BWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "NorthStar Vermont Yankee LLC (NorthStar Group Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "NorthStar Group Services (with Orano)", "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2014-12-29", "decommissioning_start": "2019", "target_completion": "2030", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": 24759664, "spent_fuel_status": "Spent fuel in dry casks at the on-site ISFSI until DOE removal (NRC assumes transfer complete by 2052).", "notable_issue": "Project consumed almost all of the $602m trust fund inherited by NorthStar; its CEO said ~$8.5m remained in September 2026.", "fund_as_of": "2026-01-31", "currency": "USD", "milestones": [ { "date": "2014-12-29", "event": "Entergy permanently shut down Vermont Yankee.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/vermont-yankee" }, { "date": "2015-01-12", "event": "Fuel was removed from the reactor.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/vermont-yankee" }, { "date": "2018-10", "event": "NRC approved the license transfer from Entergy to NorthStar for expedited decommissioning.", "source": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/vermont-yankee" }, { "date": "2025-12", "event": "About 99% of the plant had been demolished, per WNA.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities" }, { "date": "2026-09-23", "event": "NorthStar said the project was 99% done with $8.5m left in the trust fund and physical work to finish in 2027.", "source": "https://vtdigger.org/2026/09/23/vermont-yankee-decommissioning-is-nearly-complete/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/facilities-safety/facility-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/vermont-yankee", "title": "Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://vtdigger.org/2026/09/23/vermont-yankee-decommissioning-is-nearly-complete/", "title": "Vermont Yankee decommissioning is nearly complete", "publisher": "VTDigger / Brattleboro Reformer", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://publicservice.vermont.gov/public-advocacy/vermont-yankee-decommissioning/trust-balances", "title": "Vermont Yankee trust balances", "publisher": "Vermont Department of Public Service", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/power-reactor/index.html", "title": "Locations of Power Reactor Sites Undergoing Decommissioning", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "target completion 2030 = NRC estimated closure / NorthStar deadline; NorthStar expects physical decommissioning to finish in 2027. Trust balance is the NDT at 31 Jan 2026 per Vermont DPS; a separate site restoration trust held $47.7m.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "wolsong-1", "name": "Wolsong Unit 1", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "KR", "region": "asia", "location": "Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang", "status": "planning", "summary": "Wolsong 1, a CANDU-6 pressurised heavy water reactor, received its permanent-shutdown permit in December 2019, years after a KRW 560bn refurbishment that had been meant to extend its life. KHNP applied for its final decommissioning permit in June 2024, and the regulator's technical review began in 2025.", "site": "Wolsong", "units": [ "Unit 1" ], "unit_count": 1, "reactor_types": [ "PHWR (CANDU-6)" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP)", "decommissioning_contractor": null, "strategy": "immediate-dismantling", "final_shutdown": "2019-12", "decommissioning_start": null, "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": null, "notable_issue": "Closed early despite a 2009-2011 refurbishment costing about KRW 560bn.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "2011-07", "event": "A refurbishment outage replacing all 380 calandria tubes ended.", "source": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/south-korea" }, { "date": "2019-12", "event": "KHNP received the permit for Wolsong 1's permanent shutdown.", "source": "https://www.nssc.go.kr/en/cms/FR_BBS_CON/BoardView.do?pageNo=1&pagePerCnt=10&MENU_ID=90&CONTENTS_NO=&SITE_NO=3&BOARD_SEQ=1&BBS_SEQ=46381&USER_NAME=&TEL_NO=&WRITER_DI=&_csrf=&SEARCH_FLD=&SEARCH" }, { "date": "2022-02", "event": "The preliminary decommissioning plan was approved.", "source": "https://www.nssc.go.kr/en/cms/FR_BBS_CON/BoardView.do?pageNo=1&pagePerCnt=10&MENU_ID=90&CONTENTS_NO=&SITE_NO=3&BOARD_SEQ=1&BBS_SEQ=46381&USER_NAME=&TEL_NO=&WRITER_DI=&_csrf=&SEARCH_FLD=&SEARCH" }, { "date": "2024-06", "event": "KHNP applied for the decommissioning permit with its final plan.", "source": "https://www.nssc.go.kr/en/cms/FR_BBS_CON/BoardView.do?pageNo=1&pagePerCnt=10&MENU_ID=90&CONTENTS_NO=&SITE_NO=3&BOARD_SEQ=1&BBS_SEQ=46381&USER_NAME=&TEL_NO=&WRITER_DI=&_csrf=&SEARCH_FLD=&SEARCH" }, { "date": "2025-02-27", "event": "KINS reported completion of its document acceptance review and start of the main review.", "source": "https://www.nssc.go.kr/en/cms/FR_BBS_CON/BoardView.do?pageNo=1&pagePerCnt=10&MENU_ID=90&CONTENTS_NO=&SITE_NO=3&BOARD_SEQ=1&BBS_SEQ=46381&USER_NAME=&TEL_NO=&WRITER_DI=&_csrf=&SEARCH_FLD=&SEARCH" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nssc.go.kr/en/cms/FR_BBS_CON/BoardView.do?pageNo=1&pagePerCnt=10&MENU_ID=90&CONTENTS_NO=&SITE_NO=3&BOARD_SEQ=1&BBS_SEQ=46381&USER_NAME=&TEL_NO=&WRITER_DI=&_csrf=&SEARCH_FLD=&SEARCH", "title": "208th Meeting of Commission (27 February 2025)", "publisher": "Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (Korea)", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/south-korea", "title": "Nuclear Power in South Korea", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Approval of the decommissioning permit after Feb 2025 not confirmed. WNA confirms the KRW 560bn refurbishment.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:khnp" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "wylfa", "name": "Wylfa (Magnox)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "GB", "region": "europe", "location": "Cemaes, Anglesey, Wales", "status": "active_dismantling", "summary": "Wylfa was the largest and last of Britain's Magnox stations; generation ceased on 30 December 2015, ending Magnox power in the UK. Defueling finished in September 2019 and Nuclear Restoration Services is now preparing the reactors for care and maintenance.", "site": "Wylfa", "units": [ "Reactor 1", "Reactor 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "Magnox" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": null, "owner": "Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (site licensee: Nuclear Restoration Services)", "decommissioning_contractor": "Nuclear Restoration Services", "strategy": "deferred-safstor", "final_shutdown": "2015-12-30", "decommissioning_start": "2019-09", "target_completion": null, "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "Defueled by September 2019; 87,890 fuel elements sent to Sellafield for reprocessing.", "notable_issue": null, "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1971", "event": "Wylfa began operations.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/wylfa" }, { "date": "2015-12-30", "event": "Generation ceased, ending Magnox reactor generation in the UK.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/wylfa" }, { "date": "2019-09", "event": "Defueling was completed.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/wylfa" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "The NDA announced plans for a continuous reactor decommissioning strategy to bring forward final site clearance.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/wylfa" }, { "date": "2026-02-26", "event": "ONR introduced a new regulatory approach for the 12 former Magnox sites.", "source": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/our-work/what-we-regulate/sellafield-decommissioning-fuel-and-waste/sites/wylfa", "title": "Wylfa", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2026/02/onr-introduces-new-regulatory-approach-for-former-magnox-nuclear-sites", "title": "ONR introduces new regulatory approach for former Magnox nuclear sites", "publisher": "Office for Nuclear Regulation", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nrsssg.com/site-information/", "title": "About NRS", "publisher": "NRS Site Stakeholder Groups", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "medium", "notes": "Capacity not captured from sources reviewed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" }, { "slug": "zion", "name": "Zion Nuclear Power Station (Units 1-2)", "vertical": "nuclear-decommissioning", "country": "US", "region": "north-america", "location": "Zion, Illinois", "status": "license_terminated", "summary": "Zion's two Westinghouse PWRs on Lake Michigan were dismantled by EnergySolutions under a first-of-its-kind 2010 license-stewardship deal, and in November 2023 the NRC released most of the site for unrestricted use. Only the dry-cask spent fuel storage pad remains licensed, now held by Constellation.", "site": "Zion Nuclear Power Station", "units": [ "Unit 1", "Unit 2" ], "unit_count": 2, "reactor_types": [ "PWR" ], "capacity_mw_net_total": 2196, "owner": "Constellation Energy Generation (ISFSI licensee)", "decommissioning_contractor": "ZionSolutions (EnergySolutions)", "strategy": "mixed", "final_shutdown": "1998", "decommissioning_start": "2010-09", "target_completion": "2023", "cost_estimate": null, "trust_fund_balance": null, "spent_fuel_status": "2,226 fuel assemblies in 61 dry casks on the on-site ISFSI, now Constellation's responsibility.", "notable_issue": "Model for the 'license stewardship' transfer of a shut-down plant to a decommissioning contractor.", "currency": null, "milestones": [ { "date": "1998", "event": "Commonwealth Edison declared both Zion units permanently shut down.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Former-US-reactor-site-released-for-unrestricted-u" }, { "date": "2010-09", "event": "EnergySolutions took ownership of the plant through its license stewardship program.", "source": "https://www.energysolutions.com/zion_nuclear_powerstation_decommissioning_successfully_completed/" }, { "date": "2023-11", "event": "The NRC approved partial site release, releasing all but the ISFSI for unrestricted use.", "source": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Former-US-reactor-site-released-for-unrestricted-u" }, { "date": "2023-11-16", "event": "EnergySolutions announced completion of the project and license transfer back to Constellation.", "source": "https://www.energysolutions.com/zion_nuclear_powerstation_decommissioning_successfully_completed/" } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Former-US-reactor-site-released-for-unrestricted-u", "title": "Former US reactor site released for unrestricted use", "publisher": "World Nuclear News", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.energysolutions.com/zion_nuclear_powerstation_decommissioning_successfully_completed/", "title": "Zion Nuclear Power Station Decommissioning Successfully Completed", "publisher": "EnergySolutions", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2328/ML23286A309.pdf", "title": "Partial Site Release, Zion Nuclear Power Station, Units 1 and 2", "publisher": "U.S. NRC", "type": "primary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/decommissioning-nuclear-facilities", "title": "Decommissioning Nuclear Facilities", "publisher": "World Nuclear Association", "type": "secondary", "checked_on": "2026-10-11" } ], "confidence": "high", "notes": "Strategy \"Mixed\": SAFSTOR 1998-2010, then accelerated DECON. Capacity 2 x 1,098 MWe per WNA. Not on the NRC list of sites undergoing decommissioning as of Sept 2026; ISFSI remains licensed.", "related_slugs": [], "tracker_slug": null, "see_also": [], "entity_ids": [ "org:energysolutions" ], "updated_at": "2026-10-11", "last_verified": "2026-10-11" } ] }